Network Working Group S. Hollenbeck
Request for Comments: 4114 VeriSign, Inc.
Category: Standards Track June 2005
E.164 Number Mapping for the Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP)
Status of This Memo
This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).
Abstract
This document describes an Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP)
extension mapping for the provisioning and management of E.164
numbers that represent domain names stored in a shared central
repository. Specified in XML, this mapping extends the EPP domain
name mapping to provide additional features required for the
provisioning of E.164 numbers.
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.1. Conventions Used in This Document . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Object Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1. E.164 Domain Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2. NAPTR Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2.1. Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2.2. Preference. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2.3. Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2.4. Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2.5. Regular Expression. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2.6. Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3. EPP Command Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.1. EPP Query Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.1.1. EPP Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.1.2. EPP Command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.1.3. EPP Command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2. EPP Transform Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2.1. EPP Command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2.2. EPP Command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.2.3. EPP Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.2.4. EPP Command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.2.5. EPP Command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4. Formal Syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5. Internationalization Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
6. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
7. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
8. Acknowledgements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
9. References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
9.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
9.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1. Introduction
This document describes an E.164 number mapping for version 1.0 of
the Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP). This mapping, an
extension of the domain name mapping described in [1], is specified
using the Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0, as described in [2],
and XML Schema notation, as described in [3] and [4].
The EPP core protocol specification [5] provides a complete
description of EPP command and response structures. A thorough
understanding of the base protocol specification is necessary to
understand the mapping described in this document.
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ENUM [6] describes how the Domain Name System (DNS) can be used to
identify services associated with an E.164 number. The EPP mapping
described in this document specifies a mechanism for the provisioning
and management of E.164 numbers stored in a shared central
repository. Information exchanged via this mapping can be extracted
from the repository and used to publish DNS resource records as
described in ENUM [6]. Examples used in this document were chosen
specifically to illustrate provisioning concepts for the example
resource records described in the ENUM specification.
1.1. Conventions Used in This Document
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [7].
In examples, "C:" represents lines sent by a protocol client, and
"S:" represents lines returned by a protocol server. Indentation and
white space in examples are only provided to illustrate element
relationships and are not a REQUIRED feature of this specification.
XML is case sensitive. Unless stated otherwise, XML specifications
and examples provided in this document MUST be interpreted in the
character case presented to develop a conforming implementation.
2. Object Attributes
This extension adds elements to the EPP domain name mapping [1].
Only new element descriptions are described here.
2.1. E.164 Domain Names
An E.164 domain name is a representation of an E.164 number that has
been translated to conform to domain name syntax, as described in the
ENUM specification [6]. The labels used to describe the name space
of an E.164 domain name are a policy matter that is beyond the scope
of this document.
2.2. NAPTR Fields
According to ENUM [6], Naming Authority Pointer (NAPTR) resource
records are used to identify available ways for contacting a specific
node identified by a domain name created from the translation of an
E.164 number. The basic NAPTR record format is described in RFC 3403
[8]. Rules for structuring and using NAPTR records for use with ENUM
are described in RFC 3761 [6].
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Several NAPTR field values are optional per RFC 3403. RFC 3761
describes processing rules that require the presence of certain NAPTR
field values. This document describes field value requirements that
correspond to RFC 3761.
2.2.1. Order
The NAPTR order field, a 16-bit unsigned integer, is represented in
this mapping using the XML Schema "unsignedShort" data type.
2.2.2. Preference
The NAPTR preference field, a 16-bit unsigned integer, is represented
in this mapping using the XML Schema "unsignedShort" data type.
2.2.3. Flags
The NAPTR flags field is represented in this mapping using a single
character. The case of the flag character is not significant.
2.2.4. Service
The NAPTR service field is represented in this mapping using a
character string with an unspecified maximum length. Valid values
are application-dependent.
2.2.5. Regular Expression
The NAPTR regexp field is represented in this mapping using a
character string with an unspecified maximum length. This field can
contain numerous backslashes and should thus be treated with care.
2.2.6. Replacement
The NAPTR replacement field, whose value is a domain name, is
represented in this mapping using a character string with a maximum
length of 255 characters.
3. EPP Command Mapping
A detailed description of the EPP syntax and semantics can be found
in the EPP core protocol specification [5]. The command mappings
described here are specifically for use in implementing ENUM
provisioning processes via EPP.
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3.1. EPP Query Commands
EPP provides three commands to retrieve object information:
to determine if an object is known to the server, to retrieve
detailed information associated with an object, and to
retrieve object transfer status information.
3.1.1. EPP Command
This extension does not add any elements to the EPP command
or response described in the EPP domain mapping [1].
3.1.2. EPP Command
This extension does not add any elements to the EPP command
described in the EPP domain mapping [1]. Additional elements are
defined for the response.
When an command has been processed successfully, the EPP
element MUST contain child elements as described in the EPP
domain mapping [1]. In addition, the EPP element MUST
contain a child element that identifies the extension
namespace and the location of the extension schema. The element contains one or more elements that
contain the following child elements:
- An element that contains a NAPTR order value.
- An element that contains a NAPTR preference value.
- An OPTIONAL element that contains a NAPTR flags
value.
- An element that contains a NAPTR service value.
- An OPTIONAL element that contains a NAPTR regular
expression value.
- An OPTIONAL element that contains a NAPTR
replacement value.
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Example response:
S:
S:
S:
S:
S: Command completed successfully
S:
S:
S:
S: 3.8.0.0.6.9.2.3.6.1.4.4.e164.arpa
S: EXAMPLE1-REP
S: jd1234
S: sh8013
S: sh8013
S:
S: ns1.example.com
S: ns2.example.com
S:
S: ns1.example.com
S: ns2.example.com
S: ClientX
S: ClientY
S: 1999-04-03T22:00:00.0Z
S: ClientX
S: 1999-12-03T09:00:00.0Z
S: 2005-04-03T22:00:00.0Z
S: 2000-04-08T09:00:00.0Z
S:
S: 2fooBAR
S:
S:
S:
S:
S:
S:
S: 10
S: 100
S: u
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S: E2U+sip
S: "!^.*$!sip:info@example.com!"
S:
S:
S: 10
S: 102
S: u
S: E2U+msg
S: "!^.*$!mailto:info@example.com!"
S:
S:
S:
S:
S: ABC-12345
S: 54322-XYZ
S:
S:
S:
An EPP error response MUST be returned if an extended command
can not be processed for any reason.
3.1.3. EPP Command
This extension does not add any elements to the EPP
command or response described in the EPP domain mapping
[1].
3.2. EPP Transform Commands
EPP provides five commands to transform objects: to create
an instance of an object, to delete an instance of an
object, to extend the validity period of an object,
to manage object sponsorship changes, and to
change information associated with an object.
3.2.1. EPP Command
This extension defines additional elements for the EPP
command described in the EPP domain mapping [1]. No additional
elements are defined for the EPP response.
The EPP command provides a transform operation that allows a
client to create a domain object. In addition to the EPP command
elements described in the EPP domain mapping [1], the command MUST
contain an element. The element MUST contain
a child element that identifies the extension namespace
and the location of the extension schema. The element
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contains one or more elements that contain the following
child elements:
- An element that contains a NAPTR order value.
- An element that contains a NAPTR preference value.
- An OPTIONAL element that contains a NAPTR flags
value.
- An element that contains a NAPTR service value.
- An OPTIONAL element that contains a NAPTR regular
expression value.
- An OPTIONAL element that contains a NAPTR
replacement value.
Example command:
C:
C:
C:
C:
C:
C: 3.8.0.0.6.9.2.3.6.1.4.4.e164.arpa
C: 2
C:
C: ns1.example.com
C: ns2.example.com
C:
C: jd1234
C: sh8013
C: sh8013
C:
C: 2fooBAR
C:
C:
C:
C:
C:
C:
C: 10
C: 100
C: u
C: E2U+sip
C: "!^.*$!sip:info@example.com!"
C:
C:
C: 10
C: 102
C: u
C: E2U+msg
C: "!^.*$!mailto:info@example.com!"
C:
C:
C:
C: ABC-12345
C:
C:
When an extended command has been processed successfully,
the EPP response is as described in the EPP domain mapping [1].
3.2.2. EPP Command
This extension does not add any elements to the EPP command
or response described in the EPP domain mapping [1].
3.2.3. EPP Command
This extension does not add any elements to the EPP command
or response described in the EPP domain mapping [1].
3.2.4. EPP Command
This extension does not add any elements to the EPP
command or response described in the EPP domain mapping
[1].
3.2.5. EPP Command
This extension defines additional elements for the EPP
command described in the EPP domain mapping [1]. No additional
elements are defined for the EPP response.
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The EPP command provides a transform operation that allows a
client to change the state of a domain object. In addition to the
EPP command elements described in the EPP domain mapping [1], the
command MUST contain an element. The
element MUST contain a child element that
identifies the extension namespace and the location of the extension
schema. The element contains one or more or
elements. Each and element contains
an element that contains the following child elements:
- An element that contains a NAPTR order value.
- An element that contains a NAPTR preference value.
- An OPTIONAL element that contains a NAPTR flags
value.
- An element that contains a NAPTR service value.
- An OPTIONAL element that contains a NAPTR regular
expression value.
- An OPTIONAL element that contains a NAPTR
replacement value.
Example command:
C:
C:
C:
C:
C:
C: 3.8.0.0.6.9.2.3.6.1.4.4.e164.arpa
C:
C:
C:
C:
C:
C:
C: 10
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C: 102
C: u
C: E2U+msg
C: "!^.*$!mailto:info@example.com!"
C:
C:
C:
C:
C: ABC-12345
C:
C:
When an extended command has been processed successfully,
the EPP response is as described in the EPP domain mapping [1].
4. Formal Syntax
An EPP object mapping is specified in XML Schema notation. The
formal syntax presented here is a complete schema representation of
the object mapping suitable for automated validation of EPP XML
instances. The BEGIN and END tags are not part of the schema; they
are used to note the beginning and ending of the schema for URI
registration purposes.
BEGIN
Extensible Provisioning Protocol v1.0
domain name extension schema for E.164 number provisioning.
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END
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5. Internationalization Considerations
EPP is represented in XML, which provides native support for encoding
information using the Unicode character set and its more compact
representations, including UTF-8 [10]. Conformant XML processors
recognize both UTF-8 and UTF-16 [11]. Though XML includes provisions
to identify and use other character encodings through use of an
"encoding" attribute in an declaration, use of UTF-8 is
RECOMMENDED in environments where parser encoding support
incompatibility exists.
As an extension of the EPP domain mapping [1], the elements, element
content, attributes, and attribute values described in this document
MUST inherit the internationalization conventions used to represent
higher-layer domain and core protocol structures present in an XML
instance that includes this extension.
6. IANA Considerations
This document uses URNs to describe XML namespaces and XML schemas
conforming to a registry mechanism described in RFC 3688 [9]. Two
URI assignments have been completed by the IANA:
Registration for the extension namespace:
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:e164epp-1.0
Registrant Contact: IESG
XML: None. Namespace URIs do not represent an XML specification.
Registration for the extension XML schema:
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:schema:e164epp-1.0
Registrant Contact: IESG
XML: See the "Formal Syntax" section of this document.
7. Security Considerations
The mapping extensions described in this document do not provide any
security services beyond those described by EPP [5], the EPP domain
name mapping [1], and protocol layers used by EPP. Security
considerations related to ENUM are described in the "Security
Considerations" section of the ENUM specification [6]; security
considerations related to the Dynamic Delegation Discovery System and
NAPTR records are described in the "Security Considerations" section
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of RFC 3403 [8]. The security considerations described in these
specifications apply to this specification as well.
As with other domain object transforms, the EPP transform operations
described in this document MUST be restricted to the sponsoring
client as authenticated using the mechanisms described in sections
2.9.1.1 and 7 of RFC 3730 [5]. Any attempt to perform a transform
operation on a domain object by any client other than the sponsoring
client MUST be rejected with an appropriate EPP authorization error.
8. Acknowledgements
The author would like to thank the following people who have provided
significant contributions to the development of this document:
Lawrence Conroy, Edward Lewis, Michael Mealling, Allison Mankin, Chip
Sharp, and James Yu.
9. References
9.1. Normative References
[1] Hollenbeck, S., "Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP) Domain
Name Mapping", RFC 3731, March 2004.
[2] Paoli, J., Sperberg-McQueen, C., Bray, T., and E. Maler,
"Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Second Edition)", W3C
FirstEdition REC-xml-20001006, October 2000.
[3] Maloney, M., Beech, D., Mendelsohn, N., and H. Thompson, "XML
Schema Part 1: Structures", W3C REC REC-xmlschema-1-20010502,
May 2001.
[4] Malhotra, A. and P. Biron, "XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes", W3C
REC REC-xmlschema-2-20010502, May 2001.
[5] Hollenbeck, S., "Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP)", RFC
3730, March 2004.
[6] Faltstrom, P. and M. Mealling, "The E.164 to Uniform Resource
Identifiers (URI) Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS)
Application (ENUM)", RFC 3761, April 2004.
[7] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
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[8] Mealling, M., "Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Part
Three: The Domain Name System (DNS) Database", RFC 3403, October
2002.
[9] Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688, January
2004.
9.2. Informative References
[10] Yergeau, F., "UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646", STD
63, RFC 3629, November 2003.
[11] Hoffman, P. and F. Yergeau, "UTF-16, an encoding of ISO 10646",
RFC 2781, February 2000.
Author's Address
Scott Hollenbeck
VeriSign, Inc.
21345 Ridgetop Circle
Dulles, VA 20166-6503
US
EMail: shollenbeck@verisign.com
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Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
Internet Society.
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