Network Working Group C. Daboo, Ed.
Request for Comments: 5546 Apple Inc.
Obsoletes: 2446 December 2009
Updates: 5545
Category: Standards Track
iCalendar Transport-Independent Interoperability Protocol (iTIP)
Abstract
This document specifies a protocol that uses the iCalendar object
specification to provide scheduling interoperability between
different calendaring systems. This is done without reference to a
specific transport protocol so as to allow multiple methods of
communication between systems. Subsequent documents will define
profiles of this protocol that use specific, interoperable methods of
communication between systems.
The iCalendar Transport-Independent Interoperability Protocol (iTIP)
complements the iCalendar object specification by adding semantics
for group scheduling methods commonly available in current
calendaring systems. These scheduling methods permit two or more
calendaring systems to perform transactions such as publishing,
scheduling, rescheduling, responding to scheduling requests,
negotiating changes, or canceling.
Status of This Memo
This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
Copyright Notice
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Daboo Standards Track [Page 1]
RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction and Overview .......................................5
1.1. Formatting Conventions .....................................5
1.2. Related Documents ..........................................6
1.3. Roles ......................................................6
1.4. Methods ....................................................7
2. Interoperability Models .........................................9
2.1. Application Protocol ......................................10
2.1.1. Scheduling State ...................................10
2.1.2. Delegation .........................................10
2.1.3. Acting on Behalf of Other Calendar Users ...........11
2.1.4. Component Revisions ................................11
2.1.5. Message Sequencing .................................12
3. Application Protocol Elements ..................................13
3.1. Common Component Restriction Tables .......................15
3.1.1. VCALENDAR ..........................................15
3.1.2. VTIMEZONE ..........................................15
3.1.3. VALARM .............................................17
3.2. Methods for VEVENT Calendar Components ....................17
3.2.1. PUBLISH ............................................18
3.2.2. REQUEST ............................................20
3.2.3. REPLY ..............................................25
3.2.4. ADD ................................................27
3.2.5. CANCEL .............................................29
3.2.6. REFRESH ............................................31
3.2.7. COUNTER ............................................33
3.2.8. DECLINECOUNTER .....................................35
3.3. Methods for VFREEBUSY Components ..........................37
3.3.1. PUBLISH ............................................37
3.3.2. REQUEST ............................................40
3.3.3. REPLY ..............................................42
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3.4. Methods for VTODO Components ..............................44
3.4.1. PUBLISH ............................................44
3.4.2. REQUEST ............................................46
3.4.3. REPLY ..............................................51
3.4.4. ADD ................................................53
3.4.5. CANCEL .............................................55
3.4.6. REFRESH ............................................57
3.4.7. COUNTER ............................................59
3.4.8. DECLINECOUNTER .....................................61
3.5. Methods for VJOURNAL Components ...........................62
3.5.1. PUBLISH ............................................63
3.5.2. ADD ................................................64
3.5.3. CANCEL .............................................66
3.6. Status Replies ............................................68
3.7. Implementation Considerations .............................77
3.7.1. Working With Recurrence Instances ..................77
3.7.2. Attendee Property Considerations ...................78
3.7.3. Extension Tokens ...................................79
4. Examples .......................................................79
4.1. Published Event Examples ..................................79
4.1.1. A Minimal Published Event ..........................80
4.1.2. Changing a Published Event .........................80
4.1.3. Canceling a Published Event ........................81
4.1.4. A Rich Published Event .............................81
4.1.5. Anniversaries or Events Attached to Entire Days ....83
4.2. Group Event Examples ......................................83
4.2.1. A Group Event Request ..............................84
4.2.2. Reply to a Group Event Request .....................85
4.2.3. Update an Event ....................................85
4.2.4. Countering an Event Proposal .......................86
4.2.5. Delegating an Event ................................88
4.2.6. Delegate Accepts the Meeting .......................90
4.2.7. Delegate Declines the Meeting ......................91
4.2.8. Forwarding an Event Request ........................92
4.2.9. Cancel a Group Event ...............................92
4.2.10. Removing Attendees ................................93
4.2.11. Replacing the Organizer ...........................95
4.3. Busy Time Examples ........................................96
4.3.1. Publish Busy Time ..................................96
4.3.2. Request Busy Time ..................................96
4.3.3. Reply to a Busy Time Request .......................97
4.4. Recurring Event and Time Zone Examples ....................98
4.4.1. A Recurring Event Spanning Time Zones ..............98
4.4.2. Modify a Recurring Instance ........................99
4.4.3. Cancel an Instance ................................101
4.4.4. Cancel a Recurring Event ..........................101
4.4.5. Change All Future Instances .......................102
4.4.6. Add a New Instance to a Recurring Event ...........102
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
4.4.7. Add a New Series of Instances to a
Recurring Event ...................................103
4.4.8. Refreshing a Recurring Event ......................104
4.4.9. Counter an Instance of a Recurring Event ..........106
4.4.10. Error Reply to a Request .........................107
4.5. Group To-Do Examples .....................................108
4.5.1. A VTODO Request ...................................109
4.5.2. A VTODO Reply .....................................110
4.5.3. A VTODO Request for Updated Status ................110
4.5.4. A Reply: Percent-Complete .........................111
4.5.5. A Reply: Completed ................................111
4.5.6. An Updated VTODO Request ..........................112
4.5.7. Recurring VTODOs ..................................112
4.6. Journal Examples .........................................113
4.7. Other Examples ...........................................114
4.7.1. Event Refresh .....................................114
4.7.2. Bad RECURRENCE-ID .................................114
5. Application Protocol Fallbacks ................................116
5.1. Partial Implementation ...................................116
5.1.1. Event-Related Fallbacks ...........................117
5.1.2. Free/Busy-Related Fallbacks .......................119
5.1.3. To-Do-Related Fallbacks ...........................120
5.1.4. Journal-Related Fallbacks .........................122
5.2. Latency Issues ...........................................123
5.2.1. Cancellation of an Unknown Calendar Component .....123
5.2.2. Unexpected Reply from an Unknown Delegate .........124
5.3. Sequence Number ..........................................124
6. Security Considerations .......................................124
6.1. Security Threats .........................................124
6.1.1. Spoofing the Organizer ............................124
6.1.2. Spoofing the Attendee .............................124
6.1.3. Unauthorized Replacement of the Organizer .........125
6.1.4. Eavesdropping and Data Integrity ..................125
6.1.5. Flooding a Calendar ...............................125
6.1.6. Unauthorized REFRESH Requests .....................125
6.2. Recommendations ..........................................125
6.2.1. Securing iTIP transactions ........................125
6.2.2. Implementation Controls ...........................126
6.2.3. Access Controls and Filtering .....................126
6.3. Privacy Issues ...........................................126
7. IANA Considerations ...........................................127
7.1. Registration Template for REQUEST-STATUS Values ..........127
7.2. Additions to iCalendar METHOD Registry ...................127
7.3. REQUEST-STATUS Value Registry ............................129
8. Acknowledgments ...............................................130
9. References ....................................................131
9.1. Normative References .....................................131
9.2. Informative References ...................................131
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Appendix A. Differences from RFC 2446 ...........................132
A.1. Changed Restrictions .....................................132
A.2. Deprecated Features ......................................133
1. Introduction and Overview
This document specifies how calendaring systems use iCalendar
[RFC5545] objects to interoperate with other calendaring systems. In
particular, it specifies how to schedule events, to-dos, or daily
journal entries. It further specifies how to search for available
busy time information. It does so in a general way, without
specifying how communication between different systems actually takes
place. Subsequent documents will specify transport bindings between
systems that use this protocol.
This protocol is based on messages sent from an originator to one or
more recipients. For certain types of messages, a recipient may
reply in order to update their status and may also return
transaction/request status information. The protocol supports the
ability for the message originator to modify or cancel the original
message. The protocol also supports the ability for recipients to
suggest changes to the originator of a message. The elements of the
protocol also define the user roles for its transactions.
This specification obsoletes RFC 2446 - a list of important changes
is provided in Appendix A.
1.1. Formatting Conventions
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
Calendaring and scheduling roles are referred to in quoted-strings of
text with the first character of each word in upper case. For
example, "Organizer" refers to a role of a "Calendar User" (CU)
within the scheduling protocol.
Calendar components defined by [RFC5545] are referred to with
capitalized, quoted-strings of text. All calendar components start
with the letter "V". For example, "VEVENT" refers to the event
calendar component, "VTODO" refers to the to-do calendar component,
and "VJOURNAL" refers to the daily journal calendar component.
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
Scheduling methods are referred to with capitalized, quoted-strings
of text. For example, "REQUEST" refers to the method for requesting
a scheduling calendar component be created or modified; "REPLY"
refers to the method a recipient of a request uses to update their
status with the "Organizer" of the calendar component.
Properties defined by [RFC5545] are referred to with capitalized,
quoted-strings of text, followed by the word "property". For
example, "ATTENDEE" property refers to the iCalendar property used to
convey the calendar address of a "Calendar User".
Property parameters defined by this specification are referred to
with capitalized, quoted-strings of text, followed by the word
"parameter". For example, "VALUE" parameter refers to the iCalendar
property parameter used to override the default data type for a
property value.
Enumerated values defined by this specification are referred to with
capitalized text, either alone or followed by the word "value".
In tables, the quoted-string text is specified without quotes in
order to minimize the table length.
1.2. Related Documents
Implementers will need to be familiar with several other
specifications that, along with this one, describe the Internet
calendaring and scheduling standards. The related documents are:
[RFC5545] - specifies the objects, data types, properties, and
property parameters used in the protocols, along with the methods
for representing and encoding them.
[iMIP] - specifies an Internet email binding for iTIP.
This specification does not attempt to repeat the concepts or
definitions from these other specifications. Where possible,
explicit references are made to the other specifications.
1.3. Roles
Exchanges of iCalendar objects for the purposes of group calendaring
and scheduling occur between "Calendar Users" (CUs). CUs take on
several roles in iTIP:
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+-----------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Role | Description |
+-----------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Organizer | The CU who initiates an exchange takes on the role of |
| | Organizer. For example, the CU who proposes a group |
| | meeting is the Organizer. |
| | |
| Attendee | CUs who are included in the scheduling message as |
| | possible recipients of that scheduling message. For |
| | example, the CUs asked to participate in a group |
| | meeting by the Organizer take on the role of |
| | Attendee. |
| | |
| Other CU | A CU that is not explicitly included in a scheduling |
| | message, i.e., not the Organizer or an Attendee. |
+-----------+-------------------------------------------------------+
Note that "ROLE" is also a descriptive parameter to the iCalendar
"ATTENDEE" property. Its use is to convey descriptive context about
an "Attendee" -- such as "chair", "required participant", or "non-
required participant" -- and has nothing to do with the calendaring
workflow.
1.4. Methods
The iTIP methods are listed below and their usage and semantics are
defined in Section 3 of this document.
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+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| Method | Description |
+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| PUBLISH | Used to publish an iCalendar object to one or |
| | more "Calendar Users". There is no |
| | interactivity between the publisher and any |
| | other "Calendar User". An example might include |
| | a baseball team publishing its schedule to the |
| | public. |
| | |
| REQUEST | Used to schedule an iCalendar object with other |
| | "Calendar Users". Requests are interactive in |
| | that they require the receiver to respond using |
| | the reply methods. Meeting requests, busy-time |
| | requests, and the assignment of tasks to other |
| | "Calendar Users" are all examples. Requests are |
| | also used by the Organizer to update the status |
| | of an iCalendar object. |
| | |
| REPLY | A reply is used in response to a request to |
| | convey Attendee status to the Organizer. |
| | Replies are commonly used to respond to meeting |
| | and task requests. |
| | |
| ADD | Add one or more new instances to an existing |
| | recurring iCalendar object. |
| | |
| CANCEL | Cancel one or more instances of an existing |
| | iCalendar object. |
| | |
| REFRESH | Used by an Attendee to request the latest |
| | version of an iCalendar object. |
| | |
| COUNTER | Used by an Attendee to negotiate a change in an |
| | iCalendar object. Examples include the request |
| | to change a proposed event time or change the |
| | due date for a task. |
| | |
| DECLINECOUNTER | Used by the Organizer to decline the proposed |
| | counter proposal. |
+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
Group scheduling in iTIP is accomplished using the set of "request"
and "response" methods described above. The following table shows
the methods broken down by who can send them.
+------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| Originator | Methods |
+------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| Organizer | PUBLISH, REQUEST, ADD, CANCEL, DECLINECOUNTER |
| | |
| Attendee | REPLY, REFRESH, COUNTER, REQUEST (only when |
| | delegating) |
+------------+------------------------------------------------------+
Note that for some calendar component types, the allowable methods
are a subset of the above set. In addition, apart from "VTIMEZONE"
iCalendar components, only one component type is allowed in a single
iTIP message.
2. Interoperability Models
There are two distinct protocols relevant to interoperability: an
"application protocol" and a "transport protocol". The application
protocol defines the content of the iCalendar objects sent between
sender and receiver to accomplish the scheduling transactions listed
above. The transport protocol defines how the iCalendar objects are
sent between the sender and receiver. This document focuses on the
application protocol. Binding documents such as [iMIP] focus on the
transport protocol.
The connection between sender and receiver in the diagram below
refers to the application protocol. The iCalendar objects passed
from the sender to the receiver are presented in Section 3,
"Application Protocol Elements".
+----------+ +----------+
| | iTIP | |
| Sender |<-------------->| Receiver |
| | | |
+----------+ +----------+
There are several variations of this diagram in which the sender and
receiver take on various roles of a "Calendar User Agent" (CUA) or a
"Calendar Service" (CS).
The architecture of iTIP is depicted in the diagram below. An
application written to this specification may work with bindings for
the store-and-forward transport, the real-time transport, or both.
Also note that iTIP could be bound to other transports.
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+--------------------------------------------------------+
| iTIP Protocol |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Transport |
+ - - - - - + - - - - - - + - - - - - +
| Real-Time | Store-and-Forward | Others |
+-----------------+--------------------+-----------------+
2.1. Application Protocol
In the iTIP model, an iCalendar object is created and managed by an
"Organizer". The "Organizer" interacts with other CUs by sending one
or more of the iTIP messages listed above. "Attendees" use the
"REPLY" method to communicate their status. "Attendees" do not make
direct changes to the master iCalendar object. They can, however,
use the "COUNTER" method to suggest changes to the "Organizer". In
any case, the "Organizer" has complete control over the master
iCalendar object.
2.1.1. Scheduling State
There are two distinct states relevant to iCalendar objects used in
scheduling: the overall state of the iCalendar object and the state
associated with an "Attendee" in that iCalendar object.
The state of an iCalendar object is defined by the "STATUS" property
and is controlled by the "Organizer." There is no default value for
the "STATUS" property. The "Organizer" sets the "STATUS" property to
the appropriate value for each iCalendar object.
The state of a particular "Attendee" relative to an iCalendar object
used for scheduling is defined by the "PARTSTAT" parameter in the
"ATTENDEE" property for each "Attendee". When an "Organizer" issues
the initial iCalendar object, "Attendee" status is typically unknown.
The "Organizer" specifies this by setting the "PARTSTAT" parameter to
"NEEDS-ACTION". Each "Attendee" modifies their "ATTENDEE" property
"PARTSTAT" parameter to an appropriate value as part of a "REPLY"
message sent back to the "Organizer".
2.1.2. Delegation
Delegation is defined as the process by which an "Attendee" grants
another CU (or several CUs) the right to attend on their behalf. The
"Organizer" is made aware of this change because the delegating
"Attendee" informs the "Organizer". These steps are detailed in the
"REQUEST" method sections for the appropriate components.
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2.1.3. Acting on Behalf of Other Calendar Users
In many organizations, one user will act on behalf of another to
organize and/or respond to meeting requests. iTIP provides two
mechanisms that support these activities.
First, the "Organizer" is treated as a special entity, separate from
"Attendees". All responses from "Attendees" flow to the "Organizer",
making it easy to separate a "Calendar User" organizing a meeting
from "Calendar Users" attending the meeting. Additionally, iCalendar
provides descriptive roles for each "Attendee". For instance, a role
of "chair" may be ascribed to one or more "Attendees". The "chair"
and the "Organizer" may or may not be the same "Calendar User". This
maps well to scenarios where an assistant may manage meeting
logistics for another individual who chairs a meeting.
Second, a "SENT-BY" parameter may be specified in either the
"Organizer" or "Attendee" properties. When specified, the "SENT-BY"
parameter indicates that the responding CU acted on behalf of the
specified "Attendee" or "Organizer".
2.1.4. Component Revisions
The "SEQUENCE" property is used by the "Organizer" to indicate
revisions to the calendar component. When the "Organizer" makes
changes to one of the following properties, the sequence number MUST
be incremented:
o "DTSTART"
o "DTEND"
o "DURATION"
o "DUE"
o "RRULE"
o "RDATE"
o "EXDATE"
o "STATUS"
In addition, changes made by the "Organizer" to other properties MAY
also require the sequence number to be incremented. The "Organizer"
CUA MUST increment the sequence number whenever it makes changes to
properties in the calendar component that the "Organizer" deems will
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
jeopardize the validity of the participation status of the
"Attendees". For example, changing the location of a meeting from
one location to another distant location could effectively impact the
participation status of the "Attendees".
Depending on the "METHOD", the "SEQUENCE" property MUST follow these
rules in the context of iTIP:
o For the "PUBLISH" and "REQUEST" methods, the "SEQUENCE" property
value is incremented according to the rules stated above.
o The "SEQUENCE" property value MUST be incremented each time the
"Organizer" uses the "ADD" or "CANCEL" methods.
o The "SEQUENCE" property value MUST NOT be incremented when using
"REPLY", "REFRESH", "COUNTER", "DECLINECOUNTER", or when sending a
delegation "REQUEST".
In some circumstances, the "Organizer" may not have received
responses to the final revision sent out. In this situation, the
"Organizer" may wish to send an update "REQUEST" and set "RSVP=TRUE"
for all "Attendees" so that current responses can be collected.
The value of the "SEQUENCE" property contained in a response from an
"Attendee" may not always match the "Organizer's" revision.
Implementations may choose to have the CUA indicate to the CU that
the response is to an iCalendar object that has been revised, and
allow the CU to decide whether or not to accept the response.
Whilst a change in sequence number is indicative of a significant
change to a previously scheduled item, "Attendee" CUAs SHOULD NOT
rely solely on a change in sequence number as a means of detecting a
significant change. Instead, CUAs SHOULD compare the old and new
versions of the calendar components, determine the exact nature of
the changes, and make decisions -- possibly based on "Calendar User"
preferences -- as to whether the user needs to be explicitly informed
of the change.
2.1.5. Message Sequencing
CUAs that handle the iTIP application protocol must often correlate a
component in a calendar store with a component received in the iTIP
message. For example, an event may be updated with a later revision
of the same event. To accomplish this, a CUA must correlate the
version of the event already in its calendar store with the version
sent in the iTIP message. In addition to this correlation, there are
several factors that can cause iTIP messages to arrive in an
unexpected order. That is, an "Organizer" could receive a reply to
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
an earlier revision of a component after receiving a reply to a later
revision.
To maximize interoperability and to handle messages that arrive in an
unexpected order, use the following rules:
1. The primary key for referencing a particular iCalendar component
is the "UID" property value. To reference an instance of a
recurring component, the primary key is composed of the "UID" and
the "RECURRENCE-ID" properties.
2. The secondary key for referencing a component is the "SEQUENCE"
property value. For components where the "UID" and
"RECURRENCE-ID" property values are the same, the component with
the highest numeric value for the "SEQUENCE" property obsoletes
all other revisions of the component with lower values.
3. "Attendees" send "REPLY" messages to the "Organizer". For
replies where the "UID" and "RECURRENCE-ID" property values are
the same, the value of the "SEQUENCE" property indicates the
revision of the component to which the "Attendee" is replying.
The reply with the highest numeric value for the "SEQUENCE"
property obsoletes all other replies with lower values.
4. In situations where the "UID", "RECURRENCE-ID", and "SEQUENCE"
property values match, the "DTSTAMP" property is used as the tie-
breaker. The component with the latest "DTSTAMP" overrides all
others. Similarly, for "Attendee" responses where the "UID",
"RECURRENCE-ID", and "SEQUENCE" property values match, the
response with the latest "DTSTAMP" overrides all others.
Hence, CUAs will need to persist the following component properties
in order to correctly process iTIP messages: "UID", "RECURRENCE-ID",
"SEQUENCE", and "DTSTAMP". Furthermore, for each "ATTENDEE" property
of a component, "Organizer" CUAs will need to persist the "SEQUENCE"
and "DTSTAMP" property values associated with the "Attendee's" last
response, so that any earlier responses from an "Attendee" that are
received out of order (e.g., due to a delay in the transport) can be
correctly discarded.
3. Application Protocol Elements
iTIP messages are "text/calendar" MIME entities that contain
calendaring and scheduling information. The particular type of
iCalendar message is referred to as the "method type". Each method
type is identified by a "METHOD" property specified as part of the
"text/calendar" content type. The table below shows various
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
combinations of calendar components and the method types that this
specification supports.
+----------------+--------+-------+----------+-----------+
| | VEVENT | VTODO | VJOURNAL | VFREEBUSY |
+----------------+--------+-------+----------+-----------+
| PUBLISH | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| REQUEST | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| REFRESH | Yes | Yes | No | No |
| CANCEL | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| ADD | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| REPLY | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| COUNTER | Yes | Yes | No | No |
| DECLINECOUNTER | Yes | Yes | No | No |
+----------------+--------+-------+----------+-----------+
Each method type is defined in terms of its associated components and
properties. Some components and properties are required, some are
optional, and others are excluded. The restrictions are expressed in
this document using a simple "restriction table". The first column
indicates the name of a component or property. Properties of the
iCalendar object are not indented. Properties of a component are
indented. The second column (the "Presence" column) indicates
whether or not a component or property should be present and, if
present, how many times it can occur. The third column contains
comments for further clarification.
The presence column uses the following values to assert whether a
property is required or optional, and the number of times it may
appear in the iCalendar object.
+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| Presence Value | Description |
+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| 1 | One instance MUST be present. |
| 1+ | At least one instance MUST be present. |
| 0 | Instances of this property MUST NOT be present. |
| 0+ | Multiple instances MAY be present. |
| 0 or 1 | Up to 1 instance of this property MAY be |
| | present. |
+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
The tables also call out "IANA-PROPERTY", "X-PROPERTY", "IANA-
COMPONENT", and "X-COMPONENT" to show where registered and
experimental property and component extensions can appear. The
tables do not lay out the restrictions of property parameters. Those
restrictions are defined in [RFC5545].
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3.1. Common Component Restriction Tables
3.1.1. VCALENDAR
The restriction table below applies to properties of the iCalendar
object. That is, the properties at the outermost scope.
+-----------------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for Properties in a VCALENDAR Component |
+-----------------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+--------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+--------------------+
| CALSCALE | 0 or 1 | |
| PRODID | 1 | |
| VERSION | 1 | Value MUST be 2.0. |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
+--------------------+----------+--------------------+
3.1.2. VTIMEZONE
"VTIMEZONE" components may be referred to by other components via a
"TZID" parameter on a "DATETIME" value type. The property
restrictions in the table below apply to any "VTIMEZONE" component in
an iTIP message.
+--------------------------------------+
| Constraints for VTIMEZONE Components |
+--------------------------------------+
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+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| VTIMEZONE | 0+ | MUST be present if any date/time |
| | | refers to timezone. |
| DAYLIGHT | 0+ | MUST be one or more of either |
| | | STANDARD or DAYLIGHT. |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| DTSTART | 1 | MUST be local time format. |
| RDATE | 0+ | |
| RRULE | 0 or 1 | |
| TZNAME | 0+ | |
| TZOFFSETFROM | 1 | |
| TZOFFSETTO | 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| LAST-MODIFIED | 0 or 1 | |
| STANDARD | 0+ | MUST be one or more of either |
| | | STANDARD or DAYLIGHT. |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| DTSTART | 1 | MUST be local time format. |
| RDATE | 0+ | If present, RRULE MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| RRULE | 0 or 1 | If present, RDATE MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| TZNAME | 0+ | |
| TZOFFSETFROM | 1 | |
| TZOFFSETTO | 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| TZID | 1 | |
| TZURL | 0 or 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
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3.1.3. VALARM
The property restrictions in the table below apply to any "VALARM"
component in an iTIP message.
+-----------------------------------+
| Constraints for VALARM Components |
+-----------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| VALARM | 0+ | |
| ACTION | 1 | |
| ATTACH | 0+ | |
| ATTENDEE | 0+ | |
| DESCRIPTION | 0 or 1 | |
| DURATION | 0 or 1 | If present, REPEAT MUST be |
| | | present. |
| REPEAT | 0 or 1 | If present, DURATION MUST be |
| | | present. |
| SUMMARY | 0 or 1 | |
| TRIGGER | 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
3.2. Methods for VEVENT Calendar Components
This section defines the property set restrictions for the method
types that are applicable to the "VEVENT" calendar component. Each
method is defined using a table that clarifies the property
constraints that define the particular method.
The following summarizes the methods that are defined for the
"VEVENT" calendar component.
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+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| Method | Description |
+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| PUBLISH | Post notification of an event. Used primarily |
| | as a method of advertising the existence of an |
| | event. |
| | |
| REQUEST | Make a request for an event. This is an |
| | explicit invitation to one or more Attendees. |
| | Event requests are also used to update or change |
| | an existing event. Clients that cannot handle |
| | REQUEST MAY degrade the event to view it as a |
| | PUBLISH. |
| | |
| REPLY | Reply to an event request. Clients may set |
| | their status (PARTSTAT) to ACCEPTED, DECLINED, |
| | TENTATIVE, or DELEGATED. |
| | |
| ADD | Add one or more instances to an existing event. |
| | |
| CANCEL | Cancel one or more instances of an existing |
| | event. |
| | |
| REFRESH | A request is sent to an Organizer by an Attendee |
| | asking for the latest version of an event to be |
| | resent to the requester. |
| | |
| COUNTER | Counter a REQUEST with an alternative proposal. |
| | Sent by an Attendee to the Organizer. |
| | |
| DECLINECOUNTER | Decline a counter proposal. Sent to an Attendee |
| | by the Organizer. |
+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
3.2.1. PUBLISH
The "PUBLISH" method in a "VEVENT" calendar component is an
unsolicited posting of an iCalendar object. Any CU may add published
components to their calendar. The "Organizer" MUST be present in a
published iCalendar component. "Attendees" MUST NOT be present. Its
expected usage is for encapsulating an arbitrary event as an
iCalendar object. The "Organizer" may subsequently update (with
another "PUBLISH" method), add instances to (with an "ADD" method),
or cancel (with a "CANCEL" method) a previously published "VEVENT"
calendar component.
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
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+----------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:PUBLISH of a VEVENT |
+----------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST equal PUBLISH. |
| | | |
| VEVENT | 1+ | |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| DTSTART | 1 | |
| ORGANIZER | 1 | |
| SUMMARY | 1 | Can be null. |
| UID | 1 | |
| RECURRENCE-ID | 0 or 1 | Only if referring to an instance |
| | | of a recurring calendar |
| | | component. Otherwise, it MUST |
| | | NOT be present. |
| SEQUENCE | 0 or 1 | MUST be present if value is |
| | | greater than 0; MAY be present if |
| | | 0. |
| ATTACH | 0+ | |
| CATEGORIES | 0+ | |
| CLASS | 0 or 1 | |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| CONTACT | 0 or 1 | |
| CREATED | 0 or 1 | |
| DESCRIPTION | 0 or 1 | Can be null. |
| DTEND | 0 or 1 | If present, DURATION MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| DURATION | 0 or 1 | If present, DTEND MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| EXDATE | 0+ | |
| GEO | 0 or 1 | |
| LAST-MODIFIED | 0 or 1 | |
| LOCATION | 0 or 1 | |
| PRIORITY | 0 or 1 | |
| RDATE | 0+ | |
| RELATED-TO | 0+ | |
| RESOURCES | 0+ | |
| RRULE | 0 or 1 | |
| STATUS | 0 or 1 | MAY be one of |
| | | TENTATIVE/CONFIRMED/CANCELLED. |
| TRANSP | 0 or 1 | |
| URL | 0 or 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
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| ATTENDEE | 0 | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0 | |
| | | |
| VALARM | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 0 | |
| | | |
| VJOURNAL | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTODO | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0+ | MUST be present if any date/time |
| | | refers to a timezone. |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
3.2.2. REQUEST
The "REQUEST" method in a "VEVENT" component provides the following
scheduling functions:
o Invite "Attendees" to an event.
o Reschedule an existing event.
o Response to a "REFRESH" request.
o Update the details of an existing event, without rescheduling it.
o Update the status of "Attendees" of an existing event, without
rescheduling it.
o Reconfirm an existing event, without rescheduling it.
o Forward a "VEVENT" to another uninvited CU.
o For an existing "VEVENT" calendar component, delegate the role of
"Attendee" to another CU.
o For an existing "VEVENT" calendar component, change the role of
"Organizer" to another CU.
The "Organizer" originates the "REQUEST". The recipients of the
"REQUEST" method are the CUs invited to the event, the "Attendees".
"Attendees" use the "REPLY" method to convey attendance status to the
"Organizer".
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The "UID" and "SEQUENCE" properties are used to distinguish the
various uses of the "REQUEST" method. If the "UID" property value in
the "REQUEST" is not found on the recipient's calendar, then the
"REQUEST" is for a new "VEVENT" calendar component. If the "UID"
property value is found on the recipient's calendar, then the
"REQUEST" is for a rescheduling, an update, or a reconfirmation of
the "VEVENT" calendar component.
For the "REQUEST" method, multiple "VEVENT" components in a single
iCalendar object are only permitted for components with the same
"UID" property. That is, a series of recurring events may have
instance-specific information. In this case, multiple "VEVENT"
components are needed to express the entire series.
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
+----------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:REQUEST of a VEVENT |
+----------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be REQUEST. |
| | | |
| VEVENT | 1+ | All components MUST have the same |
| | | UID. |
| ATTENDEE | 1+ | |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| DTSTART | 1 | |
| ORGANIZER | 1 | |
| SEQUENCE | 0 or 1 | MUST be present if value is |
| | | greater than 0; MAY be present if |
| | | 0. |
| SUMMARY | 1 | Can be null. |
| UID | 1 | |
| ATTACH | 0+ | |
| CATEGORIES | 0+ | |
| CLASS | 0 or 1 | |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| CONTACT | 0+ | |
| CREATED | 0 or 1 | |
| DESCRIPTION | 0 or 1 | Can be null. |
| DTEND | 0 or 1 | If present, DURATION MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
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| DURATION | 0 or 1 | If present, DTEND MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| EXDATE | 0+ | |
| GEO | 0 or 1 | |
| LAST-MODIFIED | 0 or 1 | |
| LOCATION | 0 or 1 | |
| PRIORITY | 0 or 1 | |
| RDATE | 0+ | |
| RECURRENCE-ID | 0 or 1 | Only if referring to an instance |
| | | of a recurring calendar |
| | | component. Otherwise, it MUST |
| | | NOT be present. |
| RELATED-TO | 0+ | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0 | |
| RESOURCES | 0+ | |
| RRULE | 0 or 1 | |
| STATUS | 0 or 1 | MAY be one of |
| | | TENTATIVE/CONFIRMED. |
| TRANSP | 0 or 1 | |
| URL | 0 or 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VALARM | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0+ | MUST be present if any date/time |
| | | refers to a timezone. |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 0 | |
| | | |
| VJOURNAL | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTODO | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
3.2.2.1. Rescheduling an Event
The "REQUEST" method may be used to reschedule an event. A
rescheduled event involves a change to the existing event in terms of
its time or recurrence intervals and possibly the location or
description. If the recipient CUA of a "REQUEST" method finds that
the "UID" property value already exists on the calendar but that the
"SEQUENCE" (or "DTSTAMP") property value in the "REQUEST" method is
greater than the value for the existing event, then the "REQUEST"
method describes a rescheduling of the event.
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3.2.2.2. Updating or Reconfirmation of an Event
The "REQUEST" method may be used to update or reconfirm an event. An
update to an existing event does not involve changes to the time or
recurrence intervals, and might not involve a change to the location
or description for the event. If the recipient CUA of a "REQUEST"
method finds that the "UID" property value already exists on the
calendar and that the "SEQUENCE" property value in the "REQUEST" is
the same as the value for the existing event, then the "REQUEST"
method describes an update of the event details, but not a
rescheduling of the event.
The update "REQUEST" method is the appropriate response to a
"REFRESH" method sent from an "Attendee" to the "Organizer" of an
event.
The "Organizer" of an event may also send unsolicited "REQUEST"
methods. The unsolicited "REQUEST" methods may be used to update the
details of the event without rescheduling it, to update the
"PARTSTAT" parameter of "Attendees", or to reconfirm the event.
3.2.2.3. Delegating an Event to Another CU
Some calendar and scheduling systems allow "Attendees" to delegate
their presence at an event to another "Calendar User". iTIP supports
this concept using the following workflow. Any "Attendee" may
delegate their right to participate in a calendar "VEVENT" to another
CU. The implication is that the delegate participates in lieu of the
original "Attendee", NOT in addition to the "Attendee". The
delegator MUST notify the "Organizer" of this action using the steps
outlined below. Implementations may support or restrict delegation
as they see fit. For instance, some implementations may restrict a
delegate from delegating a "REQUEST" to another CU.
The "Delegator" of an event forwards the existing "REQUEST" to the
"Delegate". The "REQUEST" method MUST include an "ATTENDEE" property
with the calendar address of the "Delegate". The "Delegator" MUST
also send a "REPLY" method to the "Organizer" with the "Delegator's"
"ATTENDEE" property "PARTSTAT" parameter value set to "DELEGATED".
In addition, the "DELEGATED-TO" parameter MUST be included with the
calendar address of the "Delegate". Also, a new "ATTENDEE" property
for the "Delegate" MUST be included and must specify the calendar
user address set in the "DELEGATED-TO" parameter, as above.
In response to the request, the "Delegate" MUST send a "REPLY" method
to the "Organizer", and optionally to the "Delegator". The "REPLY"
method SHOULD include the "ATTENDEE" property with the "DELEGATED-
FROM" parameter value of the "Delegator's" calendar address.
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The "Delegator" may continue to receive updates to the event even
though they will not be attending. This is accomplished by the
"Delegator" setting their "role" attribute to "NON-PARTICIPANT" in
the "REPLY" to the "Organizer".
3.2.2.4. Changing the Organizer
The situation may arise where the "Organizer" of a "VEVENT" is no
longer able to perform the "Organizer" role and abdicates without
passing on the "Organizer" role to someone else. When this occurs,
the "Attendees" of the "VEVENT" may use out-of-band mechanisms to
communicate the situation and agree upon a new "Organizer". The new
"Organizer" should then send out a new "REQUEST" with a modified
version of the "VEVENT" in which the "SEQUENCE" number has been
incremented and the "ORGANIZER" property has been changed to the new
"Organizer".
3.2.2.5. Sending on Behalf of the Organizer
There are a number of scenarios that support the need for a "Calendar
User" to act on behalf of the "Organizer" without explicit role
changing. This might be the case if the CU designated as "Organizer"
is sick or unable to perform duties associated with that function.
In these cases, iTIP supports the notion of one CU acting on behalf
of another. Using the "SENT-BY" parameter, a "Calendar User" could
send an updated "VEVENT" "REQUEST". In the case where one CU sends
on behalf of another CU, the "Attendee" responses are still directed
back towards the CU designated as "Organizer".
3.2.2.6. Forwarding to an Uninvited CU
An "Attendee" invited to a "VEVENT" calendar component may send the
"VEVENT" calendar component to another new CU not previously
associated with the "VEVENT" calendar component. The current
"Attendee" invited to the "VEVENT" calendar component does this by
forwarding the original "REQUEST" method to the new CU. The new CU
can send a "REPLY" to the "Organizer" of the "VEVENT" calendar
component. The reply contains an "ATTENDEE" property for the new CU.
The "Organizer" ultimately decides whether or not the new CU becomes
part of the event and is not obligated to do anything with a "REPLY"
from a new (uninvited) CU. If the "Organizer" does not want the new
CU to be part of the event, the new "ATTENDEE" property is not added
to the "VEVENT" calendar component. The "Organizer" MAY send the CU
a "CANCEL" message to indicate that they will not be added to the
event. If the "Organizer" decides to add the new CU, the new
"ATTENDEE" property is added to the "VEVENT" calendar component.
Furthermore, the "Organizer" is free to change any "ATTENDEE"
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
property parameter from the values supplied by the new CU to
something the "Organizer" considers appropriate. The "Organizer"
SHOULD send the new CU a "REQUEST" message to inform them that they
have been added.
When forwarding a "REQUEST" to another CU, the forwarding "Attendee"
MUST NOT make changes to the original message.
3.2.2.7. Updating Attendee Status
The "Organizer" of an event may also request updated status from one
or more "Attendees". The "Organizer" sends a "REQUEST" method to the
"Attendee" and sets the "ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE" property parameter. The
"SEQUENCE" property for the event is not changed from its previous
value. A recipient will determine that the only change in the
"REQUEST" is that their "RSVP" property parameter indicates a request
for updated status. The recipient SHOULD respond with a "REPLY"
method indicating their current status with respect to the "REQUEST".
3.2.3. REPLY
The "REPLY" method in a "VEVENT" calendar component is used to
respond (e.g., accept or decline) to a "REQUEST" or to reply to a
delegation "REQUEST". When used to provide a delegation response,
the "Delegator" SHOULD include the calendar address of the "Delegate"
on the "DELEGATED-TO" property parameter of the "Delegator's"
"ATTENDEE" property. The "Delegate" SHOULD include the calendar
address of the "Delegator" on the "DELEGATED-FROM" property parameter
of the "Delegate's" "ATTENDEE" property.
The "REPLY" method is also used when processing of a "REQUEST" fails.
Depending on the value of the "REQUEST-STATUS" property, no
scheduling action may have been performed.
The "Organizer" of an event may receive the "REPLY" method from a CU
not in the original "REQUEST". For example, a "REPLY" may be
received from a "Delegate" to an event. In addition, the "REPLY"
method may be received from an unknown CU (a "Party Crasher"). This
uninvited "Attendee" may be accepted, or the "Organizer" may cancel
the event for the uninvited "Attendee" by sending a "CANCEL" method
to the uninvited "Attendee".
An "Attendee" MAY include a message to the "Organizer" using the
"COMMENT" property. For example, if the user indicates tentative
acceptance and wants to let the "Organizer" know why, the reason can
be expressed in the "COMMENT" property value.
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The "Organizer" may also receive a "REPLY" from one CU on behalf of
another. Like the scenario enumerated above for the "Organizer",
"Attendees" may have another CU respond on their behalf. This is
done using the "SENT-BY" parameter.
The optional properties listed in the table below (those listed as
"0+" or "0 or 1") MUST NOT be changed from those of the original
request. If property changes are desired, the "COUNTER" message must
be used.
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
+--------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:REPLY of a VEVENT |
+--------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be REPLY. |
| | | |
| VEVENT | 1+ | All components MUST have the same |
| | | UID. |
| ATTENDEE | 1 | MUST be the address of the |
| | | Attendee replying. |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| ORGANIZER | 1 | |
| RECURRENCE-ID | 0 or 1 | Only if referring to an instance |
| | | of a recurring calendar |
| | | component. Otherwise, it MUST |
| | | NOT be present. |
| UID | 1 | MUST be the UID of the original |
| | | REQUEST. |
| SEQUENCE | 0 or 1 | If non-zero, MUST be the sequence |
| | | number of the original REQUEST. |
| | | MAY be present if 0. |
| ATTACH | 0+ | |
| CATEGORIES | 0+ | |
| CLASS | 0 or 1 | |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| CONTACT | 0+ | |
| CREATED | 0 or 1 | |
| DESCRIPTION | 0 or 1 | |
| DTEND | 0 or 1 | If present, DURATION MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| DTSTART | 0 or 1 | |
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| DURATION | 0 or 1 | If present, DTEND MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| EXDATE | 0+ | |
| GEO | 0 or 1 | |
| LAST-MODIFIED | 0 or 1 | |
| LOCATION | 0 or 1 | |
| PRIORITY | 0 or 1 | |
| RDATE | 0+ | |
| RELATED-TO | 0+ | |
| RESOURCES | 0+ | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0+ | |
| RRULE | 0 or 1 | |
| STATUS | 0 or 1 | |
| SUMMARY | 0 or 1 | |
| TRANSP | 0 or 1 | |
| URL | 0 or 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VALARM | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0 or 1 | MUST be present if any date/time |
| | | refers to a timezone. |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 0 | |
| | | |
| VJOURNAL | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTODO | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
3.2.4. ADD
The "ADD" method allows the "Organizer" to add one or more new
instances to an existing "VEVENT" using a single iTIP message without
having to send the entire "VEVENT" with all the existing instance
data, as it would have to do if the "REQUEST" method were used.
The "UID" must be that of the existing event. If the "UID" property
value in the "ADD" is not found on the recipient's calendar, then the
recipient SHOULD send a "REFRESH" to the "Organizer" in order to be
updated with the latest version of the "VEVENT". If an "Attendee"
implementation does not support the "ADD" method, it should respond
with a "REQUEST-STATUS" value of 3.14 and ask for a "REFRESH".
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
When handling an "ADD" message, the "Attendee" treats each component
in the "ADD" message as if it were referenced via an "RDATE" in the
main component.
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
+------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:ADD of a VEVENT |
+------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be ADD. |
| | | |
| VEVENT | 1 | |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| DTSTART | 1 | |
| ORGANIZER | 1 | |
| SEQUENCE | 1 | MUST be greater than 0. |
| SUMMARY | 1 | Can be null. |
| UID | 1 | MUST match that of the original |
| | | event. |
| ATTACH | 0+ | |
| ATTENDEE | 0+ | |
| CATEGORIES | 0+ | |
| CLASS | 0 or 1 | |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| CONTACT | 0+ | |
| CREATED | 0 or 1 | |
| DESCRIPTION | 0 or 1 | Can be null. |
| DTEND | 0 or 1 | If present, DURATION MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| DURATION | 0 or 1 | If present, DTEND MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| GEO | 0 or 1 | |
| LAST-MODIFIED | 0 or 1 | |
| LOCATION | 0 or 1 | |
| PRIORITY | 0 or 1 | |
| RELATED-TO | 0+ | |
| RESOURCES | 0+ | |
| STATUS | 0 or 1 | MAY be one of |
| | | TENTATIVE/CONFIRMED. |
| TRANSP | 0 or 1 | |
| URL | 0 or 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
| EXDATE | 0 | |
| RECURRENCE-ID | 0 | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0 | |
| RDATE | 0 | |
| RRULE | 0 | |
| | | |
| VALARM | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0+ | MUST be present if any date/time |
| | | refers to a timezone. |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTODO | 0 | |
| | | |
| VJOURNAL | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
3.2.5. CANCEL
The "CANCEL" method in a "VEVENT" calendar component is used to send
a cancellation notice of an existing event request to the affected
"Attendees". The message is sent by the "Organizer" of the event.
For a recurring event, either the whole event or instances of an
event may be cancelled. To cancel the complete range of a recurring
event, the "UID" property value for the event MUST be specified and a
"RECURRENCE-ID" MUST NOT be specified in the "CANCEL" method. In
order to cancel an individual instance of the event, the
"RECURRENCE-ID" property value for the event MUST be specified in the
"CANCEL" method.
There are two options for canceling a sequence of instances of a
recurring "VEVENT" calendar component:
a. The "RECURRENCE-ID" property for an instance in the sequence MUST
be specified with the "RANGE" property parameter value of
"THISANDFUTURE" to indicate cancellation of the specified
"VEVENT" calendar component and all instances after.
b. Individual recurrence instances may be cancelled by specifying
multiple "VEVENT" components each with a "RECURRENCE-ID" property
corresponding to one of the instances to be cancelled.
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The "Organizer" MUST send a "CANCEL" message to each "Attendee"
affected by the cancellation. This can be done using a single
"CANCEL" message for all "Attendees" or by using multiple messages
with different subsets of the affected "Attendees" in each.
When a "VEVENT" is cancelled, the "SEQUENCE" property value MUST be
incremented as described in Section 2.1.4.
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
+---------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:CANCEL of a VEVENT |
+---------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be CANCEL. |
| | | |
| VEVENT | 1+ | All must have the same UID. |
| ATTENDEE | 0+ | MUST include some or all |
| | | Attendees being removed from the |
| | | event. MUST include some or all |
| | | Attendees if the entire event is |
| | | cancelled. |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| ORGANIZER | 1 | |
| SEQUENCE | 1 | |
| UID | 1 | MUST be the UID of the original |
| | | REQUEST. |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| ATTACH | 0+ | |
| CATEGORIES | 0+ | |
| CLASS | 0 or 1 | |
| CONTACT | 0+ | |
| CREATED | 0 or 1 | |
| DESCRIPTION | 0 or 1 | |
| DTEND | 0 or 1 | If present, DURATION MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| DTSTART | 0 or 1 | |
| DURATION | 0 or 1 | If present, DTEND MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| EXDATE | 0+ | |
| GEO | 0 or 1 | |
| LAST-MODIFIED | 0 or 1 | |
| LOCATION | 0 or 1 | |
| PRIORITY | 0 or 1 | |
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| RDATE | 0+ | |
| RECURRENCE-ID | 0 or 1 | Only if referring to an instance |
| | | of a recurring calendar |
| | | component. Otherwise, it MUST |
| | | NOT be present. |
| RELATED-TO | 0+ | |
| RESOURCES | 0+ | |
| RRULE | 0 or 1 | |
| STATUS | 0 or 1 | MUST be set to CANCELLED to |
| | | cancel the entire event. If |
| | | uninviting specific Attendees, |
| | | then MUST NOT be included. |
| SUMMARY | 0 or 1 | |
| TRANSP | 0 or 1 | |
| URL | 0 or 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0 | |
| | | |
| VALARM | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0+ | MUST be present if any date/time |
| | | refers to a timezone. |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VTODO | 0 | |
| | | |
| VJOURNAL | 0 | |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
3.2.6. REFRESH
The "REFRESH" method in a "VEVENT" calendar component is used by
"Attendees" of an existing event to request an updated description
from the event "Organizer". The "REFRESH" method must specify the
"UID" property of the event to update. A recurrence instance of an
event may be requested by specifying the "RECURRENCE-ID" property
corresponding to the associated event. The "Organizer" responds with
the latest description and version of the event.
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
+----------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:REFRESH of a VEVENT |
+----------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be REFRESH. |
| | | |
| VEVENT | 1 | |
| ATTENDEE | 1 | MUST be the address of requester. |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| ORGANIZER | 1 | |
| UID | 1 | MUST be the UID associated with |
| | | original REQUEST. |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| RECURRENCE-ID | 0 or 1 | Only if referring to an instance |
| | | of a recurring calendar |
| | | component. Otherwise, it MUST |
| | | NOT be present. |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| ATTACH | 0 | |
| CATEGORIES | 0 | |
| CLASS | 0 | |
| CONTACT | 0 | |
| CREATED | 0 | |
| DESCRIPTION | 0 | |
| DTEND | 0 | |
| DTSTART | 0 | |
| DURATION | 0 | |
| EXDATE | 0 | |
| GEO | 0 | |
| LAST-MODIFIED | 0 | |
| LOCATION | 0 | |
| PRIORITY | 0 | |
| RDATE | 0 | |
| RELATED-TO | 0 | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0 | |
| RESOURCES | 0 | |
| RRULE | 0 | |
| SEQUENCE | 0 | |
| STATUS | 0 | |
| SUMMARY | 0 | |
| TRANSP | 0 | |
| URL | 0 | |
| | | |
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| VALARM | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0+ | |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VTODO | 0 | |
| | | |
| VJOURNAL | 0 | |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
3.2.7. COUNTER
The "COUNTER" method for a "VEVENT" calendar component is used by an
"Attendee" of an existing event to submit to the "Organizer" a
counter proposal to the event. The "Attendee" sends this message to
the "Organizer" of the event.
The counter proposal is an iCalendar object consisting of a "VEVENT"
calendar component that provides the complete description of the
alternate event.
The "Organizer" rejects the counter proposal by sending the
"Attendee" a "DECLINECOUNTER" method. The "Organizer" accepts the
counter proposal by rescheduling the event as described in
Section 3.2.2.1, "Rescheduling an Event". The "Organizer's" CUA
SHOULD send a "REQUEST" message to all "Attendees" affected by any
change triggered by an accepted "COUNTER".
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
+----------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:COUNTER of a VEVENT |
+----------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be COUNTER. |
| | | |
| VEVENT | 1 | |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| DTSTART | 1 | |
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| ORGANIZER | 1 | MUST be the Organizer of the |
| | | original event. |
| SEQUENCE | 1 | MUST echo the original SEQUENCE |
| | | number. MUST be present if |
| | | non-zero. MAY be present if |
| | | zero. |
| SUMMARY | 1 | Can be null. |
| UID | 1 | MUST be the UID associated with |
| | | the REQUEST being countered. |
| ATTACH | 0+ | |
| ATTENDEE | 0+ | Can also be used to propose other |
| | | Attendees. |
| CATEGORIES | 0+ | |
| CLASS | 0 or 1 | |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| CONTACT | 0+ | |
| CREATED | 0 or 1 | |
| DESCRIPTION | 0 or 1 | |
| DTEND | 0 or 1 | If present, DURATION MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| DURATION | 0 or 1 | If present, DTEND MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| EXDATE | 0+ | |
| GEO | 0 or 1 | |
| LAST-MODIFIED | 0 or 1 | |
| LOCATION | 0 or 1 | |
| PRIORITY | 0 or 1 | |
| RDATE | 0+ | |
| RECURRENCE-ID | 0 or 1 | Only if referring to an instance |
| | | of a recurring calendar |
| | | component. Otherwise, it MUST |
| | | NOT be present. |
| RELATED-TO | 0+ | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0+ | |
| RESOURCES | 0+ | |
| RRULE | 0 or 1 | |
| STATUS | 0 or 1 | Value must be one of |
| | | CONFIRMED/TENATIVE/CANCELLED. |
| TRANSP | 0 or 1 | |
| URL | 0 or 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VALARM | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0+ | MUST be present if any date/time |
| | | refers to a timezone. |
| | | |
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| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VTODO | 0 | |
| | | |
| VJOURNAL | 0 | |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
3.2.8. DECLINECOUNTER
The "DECLINECOUNTER" method in a "VEVENT" calendar component is used
by the "Organizer" of an event to reject a counter proposal submitted
by an "Attendee". The "Organizer" must send the "DECLINECOUNTER"
message to the "Attendee" that sent the "COUNTER" method to the
"Organizer".
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
+-----------------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:DECLINECOUNTER of a VEVENT |
+-----------------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be DECLINECOUNTER. |
| | | |
| VEVENT | 1+ | All components MUST have the same |
| | | UID. |
| ATTENDEE | 1+ | MUST for all Attendees. |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| ORGANIZER | 1 | |
| SEQUENCE | 1 | MUST echo the original SEQUENCE |
| | | number. |
| UID | 1 | MUST echo original UID. |
| ATTACH | 0+ | |
| CATEGORIES | 0+ | |
| CLASS | 0 or 1 | |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| CONTACT | 0+ | |
| CREATED | 0 or 1 | |
| DESCRIPTION | 0 or 1 | Can be null. |
| DTSTART | 0 or 1 | |
| DTEND | 0 or 1 | If present, DURATION MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
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| DURATION | 0 or 1 | If present, DTEND MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| EXDATE | 0+ | |
| GEO | 0 or 1 | |
| LAST-MODIFIED | 0 or 1 | |
| LOCATION | 0 or 1 | |
| PRIORITY | 0 or 1 | |
| RDATE | 0+ | |
| RECURRENCE-ID | 0 or 1 | Only if referring to an instance |
| | | of a recurring calendar |
| | | component. Otherwise, it MUST |
| | | NOT be present. |
| RELATED-TO | 0+ | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0+ | |
| RESOURCES | 0+ | |
| RRULE | 0 or 1 | |
| STATUS | 0 or 1 | MAY be one of |
| | | TENTATIVE/CONFIRMED. |
| SUMMARY | 0 or 1 | Can be null. |
| TRANSP | 0 or 1 | |
| URL | 0 or 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| | | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0+ | MUST be present if any date/time |
| | | refers to a timezone. |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VALARM | 0 | |
| VFREEBUSY | 0 | |
| | | |
| VJOURNAL | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTODO | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
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3.3. Methods for VFREEBUSY Components
This section defines the property set for the methods that are
applicable to the "VFREEBUSY" calendar component. Each of the
methods is defined using a restriction table.
This document only addresses the transfer of busy time information.
Applications desiring free time information MUST infer this from
available busy time information.
The "FREEBUSY" property value MAY include a list of values, separated
by the COMMA character (US-ASCII decimal 44). Alternately, multiple
busy time periods MAY be specified with multiple instances of the
"FREEBUSY" property. Both forms MUST be supported by implementations
conforming to this document. Duplicate busy time periods SHOULD NOT
be specified in an iCalendar object. However, two different busy
time periods MAY overlap.
"FREEBUSY" properties SHOULD be sorted such that their values are in
ascending order, based on the start time and then the end time, with
the earliest periods first. For example, today's busy time
information should appear after yesterday's busy time information.
And the busy time for this half-hour should appear after the busy
time for earlier today. Busy time periods can also span a day
boundary.
The following summarizes the methods that are defined for the
"VFREEBUSY" calendar component.
+---------+-------------------------------------+
| Method | Description |
+---------+-------------------------------------+
| PUBLISH | Publish unsolicited busy time data. |
| | |
| REQUEST | Request busy time data. |
| | |
| REPLY | Reply to a busy time request. |
+---------+-------------------------------------+
3.3.1. PUBLISH
The "PUBLISH" method in a "VFREEBUSY" calendar component is used to
publish busy time data. The method may be sent from one CU to any
other. The purpose of the method is to provide a way to send
unsolicited busy time data. That is, the busy time data is not being
sent as a "REPLY" to the receipt of a "REQUEST" method.
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
The "ORGANIZER" property MUST be specified in the busy time
information. The value is the CU address of the originator of the
busy time information.
The busy time information within the iCalendar object MAY be grouped
into more than one "VFREEBUSY" calendar component. This capability
allows busy time periods to be grouped according to some common
periodicity, such as a calendar week, month, or year. In this case,
each "VFREEBUSY" calendar component MUST include the "ORGANIZER",
"DTSTART", and "DTEND" properties in order to specify the source of
the busy time information and the date and time interval over which
the busy time information covers.
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
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+-------------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:PUBLISH of a VFREEBUSY |
+-------------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be PUBLISH. |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 1+ | |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| DTSTART | 1 | DateTime values must be in UTC. |
| DTEND | 1 | DateTime values must be in UTC. |
| FREEBUSY | 0+ | MUST be BUSYTIME. Multiple |
| | | instances are allowed. Multiple |
| | | instances SHOULD be sorted in |
| | | ascending order. |
| ORGANIZER | 1 | MUST contain the address of |
| | | originator of busy time data. |
| UID | 1 | |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| CONTACT | 0 or 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| URL | 0 or 1 | Specifies busy time URL. |
| ATTENDEE | 0 | |
| DURATION | 0 | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0 | |
| | | |
| VALARM | 0 | |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VEVENT | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTODO | 0 | |
| | | |
| VJOURNAL | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
3.3.2. REQUEST
The "REQUEST" method in a "VFREEBUSY" calendar component is used to
ask a "Calendar User" for their busy time information. The request
may be for a busy time information bounded by a specific date and
time interval.
This message only permits requests for busy time information. The
message is sent from a "Calendar User" requesting the busy time
information of one or more intended recipients.
If the originator of the "REQUEST" method is not authorized to make a
busy time request on the recipient's calendar system, then an
exception message SHOULD be returned in a "REPLY" method, but no busy
time data need be returned.
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
+-------------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:REQUEST of a VFREEBUSY |
+-------------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be REQUEST. |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 1 | |
| ATTENDEE | 1+ | Contains the calendar user |
| | | addresses of the "Calendar Users" |
| | | whose freebusy is being |
| | | requested. |
| DTEND | 1 | DateTime values must be in UTC. |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| DTSTART | 1 | DateTime values must be in UTC. |
| ORGANIZER | 1 | MUST be the request originator's |
| | | address. |
| UID | 1 | |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| CONTACT | 0 or 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| FREEBUSY | 0 | |
| DURATION | 0 | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0 | |
| URL | 0 | |
| | | |
| VALARM | 0 | |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VEVENT | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTODO | 0 | |
| | | |
| VJOURNAL | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
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3.3.3. REPLY
The "REPLY" method in a "VFREEBUSY" calendar component is used to
respond to a busy time request. The method is sent by the recipient
of a busy time request to the originator of the request.
The "REPLY" method may also be used to respond to an unsuccessful
"REQUEST" method. Depending on the "REQUEST-STATUS" value, no busy
time information may be returned.
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
+-----------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:REPLY of a VFREEBUSY |
+-----------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be REPLY. |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 1 | |
| ATTENDEE | 1 | MUST be the address of the |
| | | Attendee replying. |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| DTEND | 1 | DateTime values must be in UTC. |
| DTSTART | 1 | DateTime values must be in UTC. |
| FREEBUSY | 0+ | MUST be BUSYTIME. Multiple |
| | | instances are allowed. Multiple |
| | | instances SHOULD be sorted in |
| | | ascending order. |
| ORGANIZER | 1 | MUST be the request originator's |
| | | address. |
| UID | 1 | MUST be the UID of the original |
| | | REQUEST. |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| CONTACT | 0 or 1 | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0+ | |
| URL | 0 or 1 | Specifies busy time URL. |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| DURATION | 0 | |
| SEQUENCE | 0 | |
| | | |
| VALARM | 0 | |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VEVENT | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTODO | 0 | |
| | | |
| VJOURNAL | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
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3.4. Methods for VTODO Components
This section defines the property set for the methods that are
applicable to the "VTODO" calendar component. Each of the methods is
defined using a restriction table that specifies the property
constraints that define the particular method.
The following summarizes the methods that are defined for the "VTODO"
calendar component.
+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| Method | Description |
+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| PUBLISH | Post notification of a VTODO. Used primarily as |
| | a method of advertising the existence of a |
| | VTODO. |
| | |
| REQUEST | Assign a VTODO. This is an explicit assignment |
| | to one or more Calendar Users. The REQUEST |
| | method is also used to update or change an |
| | existing VTODO. Clients that cannot handle |
| | REQUEST MAY degrade the method to treat it as a |
| | PUBLISH. |
| | |
| REPLY | Reply to a VTODO request. Attendees MAY set |
| | PARTSTAT to ACCEPTED, DECLINED, TENTATIVE, |
| | DELEGATED, PARTIAL, and COMPLETED. |
| | |
| ADD | Add one or more instances to an existing to-do. |
| | |
| CANCEL | Cancel one or more instances of an existing |
| | to-do. |
| | |
| REFRESH | A request sent to a VTODO Organizer asking for |
| | the latest version of a VTODO. |
| | |
| COUNTER | Counter a REQUEST with an alternative proposal. |
| | |
| DECLINECOUNTER | Decline a counter proposal by an Attendee. |
+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
3.4.1. PUBLISH
The "PUBLISH" method in a "VTODO" calendar component has no
associated response. It is simply a posting of an iCalendar object
that may be added to a calendar. It MUST have an "Organizer". It
MUST NOT have "Attendees". Its expected usage is for encapsulating
an arbitrary "VTODO" calendar component as an iCalendar object. The
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
"Organizer" MAY subsequently update (with another "PUBLISH" method),
add instances to (with an "ADD" method), or cancel (with a "CANCEL"
method) a previously published "VTODO" calendar component.
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
+---------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:PUBLISH of a VTODO |
+---------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be PUBLISH. |
| | | |
| VTODO | 1+ | |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| DTSTART | 1 | |
| ORGANIZER | 1 | |
| PRIORITY | 1 | |
| SEQUENCE | 0 or 1 | MUST be present if value is |
| | | greater than 0; MAY be present if |
| | | 0. |
| SUMMARY | 1 | Can be null. |
| UID | 1 | |
| ATTACH | 0+ | |
| CATEGORIES | 0+ | |
| CLASS | 0 or 1 | |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| COMPLETED | 0 or 1 | |
| CONTACT | 0+ | |
| CREATED | 0 or 1 | |
| DESCRIPTION | 0 or 1 | Can be null. |
| DUE | 0 or 1 | If present, DURATION MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| DURATION | 0 or 1 | If present, DUE MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| EXDATE | 0+ | |
| GEO | 0 or 1 | |
| LAST-MODIFIED | 0 or 1 | |
| LOCATION | 0 or 1 | |
| PERCENT-COMPLETE | 0 or 1 | |
| RDATE | 0+ | |
| RECURRENCE-ID | 0 or 1 | Only if referring to an instance |
| | | of a recurring calendar |
| | | component. Otherwise, it MUST |
| | | NOT be present. |
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
| RELATED-TO | 0+ | |
| RESOURCES | 0+ | |
| RRULE | 0 or 1 | |
| STATUS | 0 or 1 | MAY be one of |
| | | COMPLETED/NEEDS-ACTION/ |
| | | IN-PROCESS/CANCELLED. |
| URL | 0 or 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| ATTENDEE | 0 | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0 | |
| | | |
| VALARM | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0+ | MUST be present if any date/time |
| | | refers to a timezone. |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 0 | |
| | | |
| VEVENT | 0 | |
| | | |
| VJOURNAL | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
3.4.2. REQUEST
The "REQUEST" method in a "VTODO" calendar component provides the
following scheduling functions:
o Assign a to-do to one or more "Calendar Users".
o Reschedule an existing to-do.
o Update the details of an existing to-do, without rescheduling it.
o Update the completion status of "Attendees" of an existing to-do,
without rescheduling it.
o Reconfirm an existing to-do, without rescheduling it.
o Delegate/reassign an existing to-do to another "Calendar User".
The assigned "Calendar Users" are identified in the "VTODO" calendar
component by individual "ATTENDEE;ROLE=REQ-PARTICIPANT" property
value sequences.
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
Typically, the originator of a "REQUEST" is the "Organizer" of the
to-do, and the recipient of a "REQUEST" is the "Calendar User"
assigned the to-do. The "Attendee" uses the "REPLY" method to convey
their acceptance and completion status to the "Organizer" of the
"REQUEST".
The "UID", "SEQUENCE", and "DTSTAMP" properties are used to
distinguish the various uses of the "REQUEST" method. If the "UID"
property value in the "REQUEST" is not found on the recipient's
calendar, then the "REQUEST" is for a new to-do. If the "UID"
property value is found on the recipient's calendar, then the
"REQUEST" is a rescheduling, an update, or a reconfirmation of the
"VTODO" calendar object.
If the "Organizer" of the "REQUEST" method is not authorized to make
a to-do request on the "Attendee's" calendar system, then an
exception is returned in the "REQUEST-STATUS" property of a
subsequent "REPLY" method, but no scheduling action is performed.
For the "REQUEST" method, multiple "VTODO" components in a single
iCalendar object are only permitted for components with the same
"UID" property. That is, a series of recurring events may have
instance-specific information. In this case, multiple "VTODO"
components are needed to express the entire series.
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
+---------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:REQUEST of a VTODO |
+---------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be REQUEST. |
| | | |
| VTODO | 1+ | All components must have the same |
| | | UID. |
| ATTENDEE | 1+ | |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| DTSTART | 1 | |
| ORGANIZER | 1 | |
| PRIORITY | 1 | |
| SEQUENCE | 0 or 1 | MUST be present if value is |
| | | greater than 0; MAY be present if |
| | | 0. |
| SUMMARY | 1 | Can be null. |
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| UID | 1 | |
| ATTACH | 0+ | |
| CATEGORIES | 0+ | |
| CLASS | 0 or 1 | |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| COMPLETED | 0 or 1 | |
| CONTACT | 0+ | |
| CREATED | 0 or 1 | |
| DESCRIPTION | 0 or 1 | Can be null |
| DUE | 0 or 1 | If present, DURATION MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| DURATION | 0 or 1 | If present, DUE MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| EXDATE | 0+ | |
| GEO | 0 or 1 | |
| LAST-MODIFIED | 0 or 1 | |
| LOCATION | 0 or 1 | |
| PERCENT-COMPLETE | 0 or 1 | |
| RDATE | 0+ | |
| RECURRENCE-ID | 0 or 1 | Only if referring to an instance |
| | | of a recurring calendar |
| | | component. Otherwise, it MUST |
| | | NOT be present. |
| RELATED-TO | 0+ | |
| RESOURCES | 0+ | |
| RRULE | 0 or 1 | |
| STATUS | 0 or 1 | MAY be one of |
| | | COMPLETED/NEEDS-ACTION/ |
| | | IN-PROCESS. |
| URL | 0 or 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0 | |
| | | |
| VALARM | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0+ | MUST be present if any date/time |
| | | refers to a timezone. |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VEVENT | 0 | |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 0 | |
| | | |
| VJOURNAL | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
3.4.2.1. REQUEST for Rescheduling a VTODO
The "REQUEST" method may be used to reschedule a "VTODO" calendar
component.
Rescheduling a "VTODO" calendar component involves a change to the
existing "VTODO" calendar component in terms of its start or due
time, recurrence intervals, and possibly the description. If the
recipient CUA of a "REQUEST" method finds that the "UID" property
value already exists on the calendar but that the "SEQUENCE" property
value in the "REQUEST" is greater than the value for the existing
"VTODO", then the "REQUEST" method describes a rescheduling of the
"VTODO" calendar component.
3.4.2.2. REQUEST for Update or Reconfirmation of a VTODO
The "REQUEST" method may be used to update or reconfirm a "VTODO"
calendar component. Reconfirmation is merely an update of "Attendee"
completion status or overall "VTODO" calendar component status.
An update to an existing "VTODO" calendar component does not involve
changes to the start or due time, recurrence intervals, or
(generally) the description for the "VTODO" calendar component. If
the recipient CUA of a "REQUEST" method finds that the "UID" property
value already exists on the calendar and that the "SEQUENCE" property
value in the "REQUEST" is the same as the value for the existing
event, then the "REQUEST" method describes an update of the "VTODO"
calendar component details, but not a rescheduling of the "VTODO"
calendar component.
The update "REQUEST" is the appropriate response to a "REFRESH"
method sent from an "Attendee" to the "Organizer" of a "VTODO"
calendar component.
Unsolicited "REQUEST" methods MAY be sent by the "Organizer" of a
"VTODO" calendar component. The unsolicited "REQUEST" methods are
used to update the details of the "VTODO" (without rescheduling it or
updating the completion status of "Attendees") or the "VTODO"
calendar component itself (i.e., reconfirm the "VTODO").
3.4.2.3. REQUEST for Delegating a VTODO
The "REQUEST" method is also used to delegate or reassign ownership
of a "VTODO" calendar component to another "Calendar User". For
example, it may be used to delegate an "Attendee's" role (i.e.,
"chair" or "participant") for a "VTODO" calendar component. The
"REQUEST" method is sent by one of the "Attendees" of an existing
"VTODO" calendar component to some other individual.
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For the purposes of this description, the "Attendee" delegating the
"VTODO" calendar component is referred to as the "Delegator". The
"Attendee" receiving the delegation request is referred to as the
"Delegate".
The "Delegator" of a "VTODO" calendar component MUST forward the
existing "REQUEST" method for a "VTODO" calendar component to the
"Delegate". The "VTODO" calendar component description MUST include
the "Delegator's" up-to-date "VTODO" calendar component definition.
The "REQUEST" method MUST also include an "ATTENDEE" property with
the calendar address of the "Delegate". The "Delegator" MUST also
send a "REPLY" method back to the "Organizer" with the "Delegator's"
"Attendee" property "PARTSTAT" parameter value set to "DELEGATED".
In addition, the "DELEGATED-TO" parameter MUST be included with the
calendar address of the "Delegate". A response to the delegation
"REQUEST" is sent from the "Delegate" to the "Organizer", and
optionally to the "Delegator". The "REPLY" method from the
"Delegate" SHOULD include the "ATTENDEE" property with their calendar
address and the "DELEGATED-FROM" parameter with the value of the
"Delegator's" calendar address.
The delegation "REQUEST" method MUST assign a value for the "RSVP"
property parameter associated with the "Delegator's" "Attendee"
property to that of the "Delegate's" "ATTENDEE" property. For
example, if the "Delegator's" "ATTENDEE" property specifies
"RSVP=TRUE", then the "Delegate's" "ATTENDEE" property MUST specify
"RSVP=TRUE".
3.4.2.4. REQUEST Forwarded to an Uninvited Calendar User
An "Attendee" assigned a "VTODO" calendar component may send the
"VTODO" calendar component to another new CU not previously
associated with the "VTODO" calendar component. The current
"Attendee" assigned the "VTODO" calendar component does this by
forwarding the original "REQUEST" method to the new CU. The new CU
can send a "REPLY" to the "Organizer" of the "VTODO" calendar
component. The reply contains an "ATTENDEE" property for the new CU.
The "Organizer" ultimately decides whether or not the new CU becomes
part of the to-do and is not obligated to do anything with a "REPLY"
from a new (uninvited) CU. If the "Organizer" does not want the new
CU to be part of the to-do, the new "ATTENDEE" property is not added
to the "VTODO" calendar component. The "Organizer" MAY send the CU a
"CANCEL" message to indicate that they will not be added to the to-
do. If the "Organizer" decides to add the new CU, the new "ATTENDEE"
property is added to the "VTODO" calendar component. Furthermore,
the "Organizer" is free to change any "ATTENDEE" property parameter
from the values supplied by the new CU to something the "Organizer"
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
considers appropriate. The "Organizer" SHOULD send the new
"Attendee" a "REQUEST" message to inform them that they have been
added.
When forwarding a "REQUEST" to another CU, the forwarding "Attendee"
MUST NOT make changes to the original message.
3.4.2.5. REQUEST Updated Attendee Status
An "Organizer" of a "VTODO" may request an updated status from one or
more "Attendees". The "Organizer" sends a "REQUEST" method to the
"Attendee" with the "ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE" property sequence. The
"SEQUENCE" property for the "VTODO" is not changed from its previous
value. A recipient determines that the only change in the "REQUEST"
is that their "RSVP" property parameter indicates a request for an
updated status. The recipient SHOULD respond with a "REPLY" method
indicating their current status with respect to the "REQUEST".
3.4.3. REPLY
The "REPLY" method in a "VTODO" calendar component is used to respond
(e.g., accept or decline) to a request or to reply to a delegation
request. It is also used by an "Attendee" to update their completion
status. When used to provide a delegation response, the "Delegator"
MUST include the calendar address of the "Delegate" in the
"DELEGATED-TO" parameter of the "Delegator's" "ATTENDEE" property.
The "Delegate" MUST include the calendar address of the "Delegator"
on the "DELEGATED-FROM" parameter of the "Delegate's" "ATTENDEE"
property.
The "REPLY" method MAY also be used to respond to an unsuccessful
"VTODO" calendar component "REQUEST" method. Depending on the
"REQUEST-STATUS" value, no scheduling action may have been performed.
The "Organizer" of a "VTODO" calendar component MAY receive a "REPLY"
method from a "Calendar User" not in the original "REQUEST". For
example, a "REPLY" method MAY be received from a "Delegate" of a
"VTODO" calendar component. In addition, the "REPLY" method MAY be
received from an unknown "Calendar User" who has been forwarded the
"REQUEST" by an original "Attendee" of the "VTODO" calendar
component. This uninvited "Attendee" MAY be accepted or the
"Organizer" MAY cancel the "VTODO" calendar component for the
uninvited "Attendee" by sending them a "CANCEL" method.
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
+-------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:REPLY of a VTODO |
+-------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be REPLY. |
| | | |
| VTODO | 1+ | All components MUST have the same |
| | | UID. |
| ATTENDEE | 1 | MUST be the address of the |
| | | Attendee replying. |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| ORGANIZER | 1 | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0+ | |
| UID | 1 | MUST be the UID of the original |
| | | REQUEST. |
| ATTACH | 0+ | |
| CATEGORIES | 0+ | |
| CLASS | 0 or 1 | |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| COMPLETED | 0 or 1 | |
| CONTACT | 0+ | |
| CREATED | 0 or 1 | |
| DESCRIPTION | 0 or 1 | |
| DTSTART | 0 or 1 | |
| DUE | 0 or 1 | If present, DURATION MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| DURATION | 0 or 1 | If present, DUE MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| EXDATE | 0+ | |
| GEO | 0 or 1 | |
| LAST-MODIFIED | 0 or 1 | |
| LOCATION | 0 or 1 | |
| PERCENT-COMPLETE | 0 or 1 | |
| PRIORITY | 0 or 1 | |
| RDATE | 0+ | |
| RELATED-TO | 0+ | |
| RESOURCES | 0+ | |
| RRULE | 0 or 1 | |
| RECURRENCE-ID | 0 or 1 | Only if referring to an instance |
| | | of a recurring calendar |
| | | component. Otherwise, it MUST |
| | | NOT be present. |
| SEQUENCE | 0 or 1 | MUST be the sequence number of |
| | | the original REQUEST if greater |
| | | than 0. MAY be present if 0. |
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
| STATUS | 0 or 1 | |
| SUMMARY | 0 or 1 | Can be null. |
| URL | 0 or 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VALARM | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0 or 1 | MUST be present if any date/time |
| | | refers to a timezone. |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VEVENT | 0 | |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
3.4.4. ADD
The "ADD" method allows the "Organizer" to add one or more new
instances to an existing "VTODO" using a single iTIP message without
having to send the entire "VTODO" with all the existing instance
data, as it would have to do if the "REQUEST" method were used.
The "UID" must be that of the existing to-do. If the "UID" property
value in the "ADD" is not found on the recipient's calendar, then the
recipient SHOULD send a "REFRESH" to the "Organizer" in order to be
updated with the latest version of the "VTODO". If an "Attendee"
implementation does not support the "ADD" method, it should respond
with a "REQUEST-STATUS" value of 3.14 and ask for a "REFRESH".
When handling an "ADD" message, the "Attendee" treats each component
in the "ADD" message as if it were referenced via an "RDATE" in the
main component.
The "SEQUENCE" property value is incremented since the sequence of
to-dos has changed.
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
+-----------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:ADD of a VTODO |
+-----------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be ADD. |
| | | |
| VTODO | 1 | |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| ORGANIZER | 1 | |
| PRIORITY | 1 | |
| SEQUENCE | 1 | MUST be greater than 0. |
| SUMMARY | 1 | Can be null. |
| UID | 1 | MUST match that of the original |
| | | to-do. |
| ATTACH | 0+ | |
| ATTENDEE | 0+ | |
| CATEGORIES | 0+ | |
| CLASS | 0 or 1 | |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| COMPLETED | 0 or 1 | |
| CONTACT | 0+ | |
| CREATED | 0 or 1 | |
| DESCRIPTION | 0 or 1 | Can be null. |
| DTSTART | 0 or 1 | |
| DUE | 0 or 1 | If present, DURATION MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| DURATION | 0 or 1 | If present, DUE MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| GEO | 0 or 1 | |
| LAST-MODIFIED | 0 or 1 | |
| LOCATION | 0 or 1 | |
| PERCENT-COMPLETE | 0 or 1 | |
| RELATED-TO | 0+ | |
| RESOURCES | 0+ | |
| STATUS | 0 or 1 | MAY be one of |
| | | COMPLETED/NEEDS-ACTION/ |
| | | IN-PROCESS. |
| URL | 0 or 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| EXDATE | 0 | |
| RECURRENCE-ID | 0 | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0 | |
| RDATE | 0 | |
| RRULE | 0 | |
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
| | | |
| VALARM | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0+ | MUST be present if any date/time |
| | | refers to a timezone. |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VEVENT | 0 | |
| | | |
| VJOURNAL | 0 | |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
3.4.5. CANCEL
The "CANCEL" method in a "VTODO" calendar component is used to send a
cancellation notice of an existing "VTODO" calendar request to the
affected "Attendees". The message is sent by the "Organizer" of a
"VTODO" calendar component to the "Attendees" of the "VTODO" calendar
component. For a recurring "VTODO" calendar component, either the
whole "VTODO" calendar component or instances of a "VTODO" calendar
component may be cancelled. To cancel the complete range of a
recurring "VTODO" calendar component, the "UID" property value for
the "VTODO" calendar component MUST be specified and a "RECURRENCE-
ID" MUST NOT be specified in the "CANCEL" method. In order to cancel
an individual instance of a recurring "VTODO" calendar component, the
"RECURRENCE-ID" property value for the "VTODO" calendar component
MUST be specified in the "CANCEL" method.
There are two options for canceling a sequence of instances of a
recurring "VTODO" calendar component:
a. The "RECURRENCE-ID" property for an instance in the sequence MUST
be specified with the "RANGE" property parameter value of
"THISANDFUTURE" to indicate cancellation of the specified "VTODO"
calendar component and all instances after.
b. Individual recurrence instances may be cancelled by specifying
multiple "VTODO" components each with a "RECURRENCE-ID" property
corresponding to one of the instances to be cancelled.
The "Organizer" MUST send a "CANCEL" message to each "Attendee"
affected by the cancellation. This can be done by using either a
single "CANCEL" message for all "Attendees" or multiple messages with
different subsets of the affected "Attendees" in each.
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
When a "VTODO" is cancelled, the "SEQUENCE" property value MUST be
incremented as described in Section 2.1.4.
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
+--------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:CANCEL of a VTODO |
+--------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be CANCEL. |
| | | |
| VTODO | 1+ | |
| ATTENDEE | 0+ | MUST include some or all |
| | | Attendees being removed from the |
| | | to-do. MUST include some or all |
| | | Attendees if the entire to-do is |
| | | cancelled. |
| UID | 1 | MUST echo original UID. |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| ORGANIZER | 1 | |
| SEQUENCE | 1 | |
| ATTACH | 0+ | |
| CATEGORIES | 0+ | |
| CLASS | 0 or 1 | |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| COMPLETED | 0 or 1 | |
| CONTACT | 0+ | |
| CREATED | 0 or 1 | |
| DESCRIPTION | 0 or 1 | |
| DTSTART | 0 or 1 | |
| DUE | 0 or 1 | If present, DURATION MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| DURATION | 0 or 1 | If present, DUE MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| EXDATE | 0+ | |
| GEO | 0 or 1 | |
| LAST-MODIFIED | 0 or 1 | |
| LOCATION | 0 or 1 | |
| PERCENT-COMPLETE | 0 or 1 | |
| RDATE | 0+ | |
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
| RECURRENCE-ID | 0 or 1 | Only if referring to an instance |
| | | of a recurring calendar |
| | | component. Otherwise, it MUST |
| | | NOT be present. |
| RELATED-TO | 0+ | |
| RESOURCES | 0+ | |
| RRULE | 0 or 1 | |
| PRIORITY | 0 or 1 | |
| STATUS | 0 or 1 | MUST be set to CANCELLED to |
| | | cancel the entire VTODO. If |
| | | removing specific Attendees, then |
| | | MUST NOT be included. |
| URL | 0 or 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0 | |
| | | |
| VALARM | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0 or 1 | MUST be present if any date/time |
| | | refers to a timezone. |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VEVENT | 0 | |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
3.4.6. REFRESH
The "REFRESH" method in a "VTODO" calendar component is used by
"Attendees" of an existing "VTODO" calendar component to request an
updated description from the "Organizer" of the "VTODO" calendar
component. The "Organizer" of the "VTODO" calendar component MAY use
this method to request an updated status from the "Attendees". The
"REFRESH" method MUST specify the "UID" property corresponding to the
"VTODO" calendar component needing update.
A refresh of a recurrence instance of a "VTODO" calendar component
may be requested by specifying the "RECURRENCE-ID" property
corresponding to the associated "VTODO" calendar component. The
"Organizer" responds with the latest description and rendition of the
"VTODO" calendar component. In most cases, this will be a "REQUEST"
unless the "VTODO" has been cancelled, in which case the "Organizer"
MUST send a "CANCEL". This method is intended to facilitate machine
processing of requests for updates to a "VTODO" calendar component.
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
+---------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:REFRESH of a VTODO |
+---------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be REFRESH. |
| | | |
| VTODO | 1 | |
| ATTENDEE | 1 | |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| UID | 1 | MUST echo original UID. |
| RECURRENCE-ID | 0 or 1 | Only if referring to an instance |
| | | of a recurring calendar |
| | | component. Otherwise, it MUST |
| | | NOT be present. |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| ATTACH | 0 | |
| CATEGORIES | 0 | |
| CLASS | 0 | |
| COMMENT | 0 | |
| COMPLETED | 0 | |
| CONTACT | 0 | |
| CREATED | 0 | |
| DESCRIPTION | 0 | |
| DTSTART | 0 | |
| DUE | 0 | |
| DURATION | 0 | |
| EXDATE | 0 | |
| GEO | 0 | |
| LAST-MODIFIED | 0 | |
| LOCATION | 0 | |
| ORGANIZER | 0 | |
| PERCENT-COMPLETE | 0 | |
| PRIORITY | 0 | |
| RDATE | 0 | |
| RELATED-TO | 0 | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0 | |
| RESOURCES | 0 | |
| RRULE | 0 | |
| SEQUENCE | 0 | |
| STATUS | 0 | |
| URL | 0 | |
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
| | | |
| VALARM | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0+ | |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VEVENT | 0 | |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
3.4.7. COUNTER
The "COUNTER" method in a "VTODO" calendar component is used by an
"Attendee" of an existing "VTODO" calendar component to submit to the
"Organizer" a counter proposal for the "VTODO" calendar component.
The counter proposal is an iCalendar object consisting of a "VTODO"
calendar component that provides the complete description of the
alternate "VTODO" calendar component.
The "Organizer" rejects the counter proposal by sending the
"Attendee" a "DECLINECOUNTER" method. The "Organizer" accepts the
counter proposal by rescheduling the to-do as described in
Section 3.4.2.1, "REQUEST for Rescheduling a To-Do". The
"Organizer's" CUA SHOULD send a "REQUEST" message to all "Attendees"
affected by any change triggered by an accepted "COUNTER".
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
+---------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:COUNTER of a VTODO |
+---------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be COUNTER. |
| | | |
| VTODO | 1 | |
| ATTENDEE | 1+ | |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| ORGANIZER | 1 | |
| PRIORITY | 1 | |
| SUMMARY | 1 | Can be null. |
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
| UID | 1 | |
| ATTACH | 0+ | |
| CATEGORIES | 0+ | |
| CLASS | 0 or 1 | |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| COMPLETED | 0 or 1 | |
| CONTACT | 0+ | |
| CREATED | 0 or 1 | |
| DESCRIPTION | 0 or 1 | Can be null. |
| DTSTART | 0 or 1 | |
| DUE | 0 or 1 | If present, DURATION MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| DURATION | 0 or 1 | If present, DUE MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| EXDATE | 0+ | |
| GEO | 0 or 1 | |
| LAST-MODIFIED | 0 or 1 | |
| LOCATION | 0 or 1 | |
| PERCENT-COMPLETE | 0 or 1 | |
| RDATE | 0+ | |
| RECURRENCE-ID | 0 or 1 | Only if referring to an instance |
| | | of a recurring calendar |
| | | component. Otherwise, it MUST |
| | | NOT be present. |
| RELATED-TO | 0+ | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0+ | |
| RESOURCES | 0+ | |
| RRULE | 0 or 1 | |
| SEQUENCE | 0 or 1 | MUST echo the original SEQUENCE |
| | | number. MUST be present if |
| | | non-zero. MAY be present if |
| | | zero. |
| STATUS | 0 or 1 | MAY be one of |
| | | COMPLETED/NEEDS-ACTION/ |
| | | IN-PROCESS/CANCELLED. |
| URL | 0 or 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VALARM | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0 or 1 | MUST be present if any date/time |
| | | refers to a timezone. |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| | | |
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
| VEVENT | 0 | |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
3.4.8. DECLINECOUNTER
The "DECLINECOUNTER" method in a "VTODO" calendar component is used
by an "Organizer" of the "VTODO" calendar component to reject a
counter proposal offered by one of the "Attendees". The "Organizer"
sends the message to the "Attendee" that sent the "COUNTER" method to
the "Organizer".
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
+----------------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:DECLINECOUNTER of a VTODO |
+----------------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be DECLINECOUNTER. |
| | | |
| VTODO | 1 | |
| ATTENDEE | 1+ | MUST for all ATTENDEEs. |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| ORGANIZER | 1 | |
| SEQUENCE | 1 | MUST echo the original SEQUENCE |
| | | number. |
| UID | 1 | MUST echo original UID. |
| ATTACH | 0+ | |
| CATEGORIES | 0+ | |
| CLASS | 0 or 1 | |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| COMPLETED | 0 or 1 | |
| CONTACT | 0+ | |
| CREATED | 0 or 1 | |
| DESCRIPTION | 0 or 1 | |
| DTSTART | 0 or 1 | |
| DUE | 0 or 1 | If present, DURATION MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| DURATION | 0 or 1 | If present, DUE MUST NOT be |
| | | present. |
| EXDATE | 0+ | |
| GEO | 0 or 1 | |
| LAST-MODIFIED | 0 or 1 | |
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| LOCATION | 0 or 1 | |
| PERCENT-COMPLETE | 0 or 1 | |
| PRIORITY | 0 or 1 | |
| RDATE | 0+ | |
| RECURRENCE-ID | 0 or 1 | Only if referring to an instance |
| | | of a recurring calendar |
| | | component. Otherwise, it MUST |
| | | NOT be present. |
| RELATED-TO | 0+ | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0+ | |
| RESOURCES | 0+ | |
| RRULE | 0 or 1 | |
| STATUS | 0 or 1 | MAY be one of |
| | | COMPLETED/NEEDS-ACTION/ |
| | | IN-PROCESS. |
| URL | 0 or 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VALARM | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0+ | MUST be present if any date/time |
| | | refers to a timezone. |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VEVENT | 0 | |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
3.5. Methods for VJOURNAL Components
This section defines the property set for the methods that are
applicable to the "VJOURNAL" calendar component.
The following summarizes the methods that are defined for the
"VJOURNAL" calendar component.
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+---------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Method | Description |
+---------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| PUBLISH | Post a journal entry. Used primarily as a method of |
| | advertising the existence of a journal entry. |
| | |
| ADD | Add one or more instances to an existing journal entry. |
| | |
| CANCEL | Cancel one or more instances of an existing journal |
| | entry. |
+---------+---------------------------------------------------------+
3.5.1. PUBLISH
The "PUBLISH" method in a "VJOURNAL" calendar component has no
associated response. It is simply a posting of an iCalendar object
that may be added to a calendar. It MUST have an "Organizer". It
MUST NOT have "Attendees". The expected usage is for encapsulating
an arbitrary journal entry as an iCalendar object. The "Organizer"
MAY subsequently update (with another "PUBLISH" method) or cancel
(with a "CANCEL" method) a previously published journal entry.
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
+------------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:PUBLISH of a VJOURNAL |
+------------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be PUBLISH. |
| | | |
| VJOURNAL | 1+ | |
| DESCRIPTION | 1 | Can be null. |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| DTSTART | 1 | |
| ORGANIZER | 1 | |
| UID | 1 | |
| ATTACH | 0+ | |
| CATEGORIES | 0+ | |
| CLASS | 0 or 1 | |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| CONTACT | 0+ | |
| CREATED | 0 or 1 | |
| EXDATE | 0+ | |
| LAST-MODIFIED | 0 or 1 | |
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| RDATE | 0+ | |
| RECURRENCE-ID | 0 or 1 | Only if referring to an instance |
| | | of a recurring calendar |
| | | component. Otherwise, it MUST |
| | | NOT be present. |
| RELATED-TO | 0+ | |
| RRULE | 0 or 1 | |
| SEQUENCE | 0 or 1 | MUST be present if non-zero. MAY |
| | | be present if zero. |
| STATUS | 0 or 1 | MAY be one of |
| | | DRAFT/FINAL/CANCELLED. |
| SUMMARY | 0 or 1 | Can be null. |
| URL | 0 or 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| ATTENDEE | 0 | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0 | |
| | | |
| VALARM | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0+ | MUST be present if any date/time |
| | | refers to a timezone. |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VEVENT | 0 | |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTODO | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
3.5.2. ADD
The "ADD" method allows the "Organizer" to add one or more new
instances to an existing "VJOURNAL" using a single iTIP message
without having to send the entire "VJOURNAL" with all the existing
instance data, as it would have to do if the "REQUEST" method were
used.
The "UID" must be that of the existing journal entry. If the "UID"
property value in the "ADD" is not found on the recipient's calendar,
then the recipient MAY treat the "ADD" as a "PUBLISH".
When handling an "ADD" message, the "Attendee" treats each component
in the "ADD" message as if it were referenced via an "RDATE" in the
main component. There is no response to the "Organizer".
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This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
+--------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:ADD of a VJOURNAL |
+--------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be ADD. |
| | | |
| VJOURNAL | 1 | |
| DESCRIPTION | 1 | Can be null. |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| DTSTART | 1 | |
| ORGANIZER | 1 | |
| SEQUENCE | 1 | MUST be greater than 0. |
| UID | 1 | MUST match that of the original |
| | | journal. |
| ATTACH | 0+ | |
| CATEGORIES | 0+ | |
| CLASS | 0 or 1 | |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| CONTACT | 0+ | |
| CREATED | 0 or 1 | |
| LAST-MODIFIED | 0 or 1 | |
| RELATED-TO | 0+ | |
| STATUS | 0 or 1 | MAY be one of |
| | | DRAFT/FINAL/CANCELLED. |
| SUMMARY | 0 or 1 | Can be null. |
| URL | 0 or 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| ATTENDEE | 0 | |
| EXDATE | 0 | |
| RECURRENCE-ID | 0 | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0 | |
| RDATE | 0 | |
| RRULE | 0 | |
| | | |
| VALARM | 0+ | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0 or 1 | MUST be present if any date/time |
| | | refers to a timezone. |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
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| | | |
| VEVENT | 0 | |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTODO | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
3.5.3. CANCEL
The "CANCEL" method in a "VJOURNAL" calendar component is used to
send a cancellation notice of an existing journal entry. The message
is sent by the "Organizer" of a journal entry. For a recurring
journal entry, either the whole journal entry or instances of a
journal entry may be cancelled. To cancel the complete range of a
recurring journal entry, the "UID" property value for the journal
entry MUST be specified and a "RECURRENCE-ID" property MUST NOT be
specified in the "CANCEL" method. In order to cancel an individual
instance of the journal entry, the "RECURRENCE-ID" property value for
the journal entry MUST be specified in the "CANCEL" method.
There are two options for canceling a sequence of instances of a
recurring "VJOURNAL" calendar component:
a. The "RECURRENCE-ID" property for an instance in the sequence MUST
be specified with the "RANGE" property parameter value of
"THISANDFUTURE" to indicate cancellation of the specified
"VJOURNAL" calendar component and all instances after.
b. Individual recurrence instances may be cancelled by specifying
multiple "VJOURNAL" components each with a "RECURRENCE-ID"
property corresponding to one of the instances to be cancelled.
When a "VJOURNAL" is cancelled, the "SEQUENCE" property value MUST be
incremented as described in Section 2.1.4.
This method type is an iCalendar object that conforms to the
following property constraints:
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+-----------------------------------------------+
| Constraints for a METHOD:CANCEL of a VJOURNAL |
+-----------------------------------------------+
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| Component/Property | Presence | Comment |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| METHOD | 1 | MUST be CANCEL. |
| | | |
| VJOURNAL | 1+ | All MUST have the same UID. |
| DTSTAMP | 1 | |
| ORGANIZER | 1 | |
| SEQUENCE | 1 | |
| UID | 1 | MUST be the UID of the original |
| | | REQUEST. |
| ATTACH | 0+ | |
| ATTENDEE | 0 | |
| CATEGORIES | 0+ | |
| CLASS | 0 or 1 | |
| COMMENT | 0+ | |
| CONTACT | 0+ | |
| CREATED | 0 or 1 | |
| DESCRIPTION | 0 or 1 | |
| DTSTART | 0 or 1 | |
| EXDATE | 0+ | |
| LAST-MODIFIED | 0 or 1 | |
| RDATE | 0+ | |
| RECURRENCE-ID | 0 or 1 | Only if referring to an instance |
| | | of a recurring calendar |
| | | component. Otherwise, it MUST |
| | | NOT be present. |
| RELATED-TO | 0+ | |
| RRULE | 0 or 1 | |
| STATUS | 0 or 1 | MAY be present; MUST be CANCELLED |
| | | if present. |
| SUMMARY | 0 or 1 | |
| URL | 0 or 1 | |
| IANA-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| X-PROPERTY | 0+ | |
| REQUEST-STATUS | 0 | |
| | | |
| VALARM | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTIMEZONE | 0+ | MUST be present if any date/time |
| | | refers to a timezone. |
| | | |
| IANA-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
| X-COMPONENT | 0+ | |
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| | | |
| VEVENT | 0 | |
| | | |
| VFREEBUSY | 0 | |
| | | |
| VTODO | 0 | |
+--------------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
3.6. Status Replies
The "REQUEST-STATUS" property is used to convey status information
about a "REPLY", "COUNTER", or "DECLINECOUNTER" iTIP message. The
codes listed in the table below SHOULD be used. If the "REQUEST-
STATUS" property is not present in one of these iTIP messages, then a
status code of "2.0" (success) MUST be assumed.
This specification adds a new IANA registry for "REQUEST-STATUS"
property values, as defined in Section 7, which includes a new
registration template for defining the specific components of the
"REQUEST-STATUS" property value. Additional codes MAY be used,
provided the process described in Section 8.2.1 of [RFC5545] is used
to register them.
This specification allows for multiple "REQUEST-STATUS" properties to
be returned in iCalendar components in the appropriate iTIP messages.
When multiple "REQUEST-STATUS" properties are present, the following
restrictions apply:
1. Within any one component, the "top-level" numeric value of the
"short return status code" MUST be the same for all "REQUEST-
STATUS" properties, i.e., there cannot be a mixture of, e.g.,
2.xx and 5.xx codes within a single component.
2. Across all components in the iTIP message, the following applies:
A. If any one component would have a 5.xx code, then either all
components MUST have a code in that range or "REQUEST-STATUS"
MUST NOT be present in the other components if a 5.xx code is
not appropriate for those components.
B. Otherwise, if any one component would have a 3.xx code, then
either all components MUST have a code in that range or
"REQUEST-STATUS" MUST NOT be present in the other components
if a 3.xx code is not appropriate for those components.
C. 2.xx and 4.xx codes can be used in different components,
provided that each component follows the restriction in (1)
above.
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The following "REQUEST-STATUS" codes are defined (any "Offending
Data" MAY be specified in the "REQUEST-STATUS" value as the extdata
field):
3.6.1. Status Code 2.0
Status Code: 2.0
Status Description: Success.
Status Exception Data: None.
Description: iTIP operation succeeded.
3.6.2. Status Code 2.1
Status Code: 2.1
Status Description: Success, but fallback taken on one or more
property values.
Status Exception Data: Property name and value MAY be specified.
Description: iTIP operation succeeded with fallback on one or more
property values.
3.6.3. Status Code 2.2
Status Code: 2.2
Status Description: Success; invalid property ignored.
Status Exception Data: Property name MAY be specified.
Description: iTIP operation succeeded but a property was ignored.
3.6.4. Status Code 2.3
Status Code: 2.3
Status Description: Success; invalid property parameter ignored.
Status Exception Data: Property parameter name and value MAY be
specified.
Description: iTIP operation succeeded but a property parameter was
ignored because it was invalid.
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3.6.5. Status Code 2.4
Status Code: 2.4
Status Description: Success; unknown, non-standard property ignored.
Status Exception Data: Non-standard property name MAY be specified.
Description: iTIP operation succeeded but a property parameter was
ignored because it was unknown.
3.6.6. Status Code 2.5
Status Code: 2.5
Status Description: Success; unknown, non-standard property value
ignored.
Status Exception Data: Property and non-standard value MAY be
specified.
Description: iTIP operation succeeded but a property was ignored
because its value was unknown.
3.6.7. Status Code 2.6
Status Code: 2.6
Status Description: Success; invalid calendar component ignored.
Status Exception Data: Calendar component sentinel (e.g., BEGIN:
ALARM) MAY be specified.
Description: iTIP operation succeeded but a component was ignored
because it was invalid.
3.6.8. Status Code 2.7
Status Code: 2.7
Status Description: Success; request forwarded to Calendar User.
Status Exception Data: Original and forwarded calendar user
addresses MAY be specified.
Description: iTIP operation succeeded, and the request was forwarded
to another Calendar User.
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3.6.9. Status Code 2.8
Status Code: 2.8
Status Description: Success; repeating event ignored. Scheduled as
a single component.
Status Exception Data: RRULE or RDATE property name and value MAY be
specified.
Description: iTIP operation succeeded but a repeating event was
truncated to a single instance.
3.6.10. Status Code 2.9
Status Code: 2.9
Status Description: Success; truncated end date time to date
boundary.
Status Exception Data: DTEND property value MAY be specified.
Description: iTIP operation succeeded but the end time was truncated
to a date boundary.
3.6.11. Status Code 2.10
Status Code: 2.10
Status Description: Success; repeating VTODO ignored. Scheduled as
a single VTODO.
Status Exception Data: RRULE or RDATE property name and value MAY be
specified.
Description: iTIP operation succeeded but a repeating to-do was
truncated to a single instance.
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3.6.12. Status Code 2.11
Status Code: 2.11
Status Description: Success; unbounded RRULE clipped at some finite
number of instances.
Status Exception Data: RRULE property name and value MAY be
specified. Number of instances MAY also be specified.
Description: iTIP operation succeeded but an unbounded repeating
object was clipped to a finite number of instances.
3.6.13. Status Code 3.0
Status Code: 3.0
Status Description: Invalid property name.
Status Exception Data: Property name MAY be specified.
Description: iTIP operation failed because of an invalid property
name.
3.6.14. Status Code 3.1
Status Code: 3.1
Status Description: Invalid property value.
Status Exception Data: Property name and value MAY be specified.
Description: iTIP operation failed because of an invalid property
value.
3.6.15. Status Code 3.2
Status Code: 3.2
Status Description: Invalid property parameter.
Status Exception Data: Property parameter name and value MAY be
specified.
Description: iTIP operation failed because of an invalid property
parameter.
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3.6.16. Status Code 3.3
Status Code: 3.3
Status Description: Invalid property parameter value.
Status Exception Data: Property parameter name and value MAY be
specified.
Description: iTIP operation failed because of an invalid property
parameter value.
3.6.17. Status Code 3.4
Status Code: 3.4
Status Description: Invalid calendar component sequence.
Status Exception Data: Calendar component sentinel MAY be specified
(e.g., BEGIN:VTIMEZONE).
Description: iTIP operation failed because of an invalid component.
3.6.18. Status Code 3.5
Status Code: 3.5
Status Description: Invalid date or time.
Status Exception Data: Date/time value(s) MAY be specified.
Description: iTIP operation failed because of an invalid date or
time property.
3.6.19. Status Code 3.6
Status Code: 3.6
Status Description: Invalid rule.
Status Exception Data: RRULE property value MAY be specified.
Description: iTIP operation failed because of an invalid rule
property.
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3.6.20. Status Code 3.7
Status Code: 3.7
Status Description: Invalid Calendar User.
Status Exception Data: ATTENDEE property value MAY be specified.
Description: iTIP operation failed because of an invalid ATTENDEE
property.
3.6.21. Status Code 3.8
Status Code: 3.8
Status Description: No authority.
Status Exception Data: METHOD and ATTENDEE property values MAY be
specified.
Description: iTIP operation failed because an Attendee does not have
suitable privileges for the operation.
3.6.22. Status Code 3.9
Status Code: 3.9
Status Description: Unsupported version.
Status Exception Data: VERSION property name and value MAY be
specified.
Description: iTIP operation failed because the calendar data version
is not supported.
3.6.23. Status Code 3.10
Status Code: 3.10
Status Description: Request entity too large.
Status Exception Data: None.
Description: iTIP operation failed because the calendar data was too
large.
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3.6.24. Status Code 3.11
Status Code: 3.11
Status Description: Required component or property missing.
Status Exception Data: Component or property name MAY be specified.
Description: iTIP operation failed because the calendar data did not
contain a required property or component.
3.6.25. Status Code 3.12
Status Code: 3.12
Status Description: Unknown component or property found.
Status Exception Data: Component or property name MAY be specified.
Description: iTIP operation failed because the calendar data
contained an unknown property or component.
3.6.26. Status Code 3.13
Status Code: 3.13
Status Description: Unsupported component or property found.
Status Exception Data: Component or property name MAY be specified.
Description: iTIP operation failed because the calendar data
contained an unsupported property or component.
3.6.27. Status Code 3.14
Status Code: 3.14
Status Description: Unsupported capability.
Status Exception Data: METHOD or action MAY be specified.
Description: iTIP operation failed because the operation is not
supported.
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3.6.28. Status Code 4.0
Status Code: 4.0
Status Description: Event conflict. Date/time is busy.
Status Exception Data: DTSTART and DTEND property names and values
MAY be specified.
Description: iTIP operation failed because the event overlaps the
date and time of another event.
3.6.29. Status Code 5.0
Status Code: 5.0
Status Description: Request not supported.
Status Exception Data: METHOD property value MAY be specified.
Description: iTIP operation failed because the operation is not
supported.
3.6.30. Status Code 5.1
Status Code: 5.1
Status Description: Service unavailable.
Status Exception Data: ATTENDEE property value MAY be specified.
Description: iTIP operation failed because scheduling is not active.
3.6.31. Status Code 5.2
Status Code: 5.2
Status Description: Invalid calendar service.
Status Exception Data: ATTENDEE property value MAY be specified.
Description: iTIP operation failed because there is no scheduling
capability.
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3.6.32. Status Code 5.3
Status Code: 5.3
Status Description: No scheduling support for user.
Status Exception Data: ATTENDEE property value MAY be specified.
Description: iTIP operation failed because scheduling is not enabled
for an Attendee.
3.7. Implementation Considerations
3.7.1. Working With Recurrence Instances
iCalendar includes a recurrence grammar to represent recurring
events. The benefit of such a grammar is the ability to represent a
number of events in a single object. However, while this simplifies
creation of a recurring event, meeting instances still need to be
referenced. For instance, an "Attendee" may decline the third
instance of a recurring Friday event. Similarly, the "Organizer" may
change the time or location to a single instance of the recurring
event.
Since implementations may elect to store recurring events as either a
single event object or a collection of discrete, related event
objects, the protocol is designed so that each recurring instance may
be both referenced and versioned. Hence, implementations that choose
to maintain per-instance properties (such as "ATTENDEE" property
"PARTSTAT" parameter) may do so. However, the protocol does not
require per-instance recognition unless the instance itself must be
renegotiated.
The scenarios for recurrence instance referencing are listed below.
For purposes of simplification, a change to an event refers to a
"trigger property." That is, a property that has a substantive
effect on the meeting itself, such as start time, location, due date
(for "VTODO" calendar components), and possibly description.
"Organizer"-initiated actions:
o deletes or changes a single instance of a recurring event
o makes changes that affect all future instances
o makes changes that affect all previous instances
o deletes or modifies a previously changed instance
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"Attendee"-initiated actions:
o changes status for a particular recurrence instance
o sends a "COUNTER" for a particular recurrence instance
An instance of a recurring event is assigned a unique identification,
"RECURRENCE-ID" property, when that instance is renegotiated.
Negotiation may be necessary when a substantive change to the event
or to-do has been made (such as changing the start time, end time,
due date, or location). The "Organizer" can identify a specific
recurrence instance using the "RECURRENCE-ID" property. The property
value is equal to the date/time of the instance. If the "Organizer"
wishes to change the "DTSTART", the original, unmodified "DTSTART"
value of the instance is used as the value "RECURRENCE-ID" property,
and the new "DTSTART" and "DTEND" values reflect the change.
3.7.2. Attendee Property Considerations
The "ORGANIZER" property is required on published events, to-dos, and
journal entries for two reasons. First, only the "Organizer" is
allowed to update and redistribute an event or to-do component. It
follows that the "ORGANIZER" property MUST be present in the event,
to-do, or journal entry component so that the CUA has a basis for
authorizing an update. Second, it is prudent to provide a point of
contact for anyone who receives a published component, in case of
problems.
Email addresses that correspond to groups of "Calendar Users" could
be specified as a mailto: URI [RFC2368] calendar user address.
Sending email to such an address results in email being sent to
multiple recipients. Such an address may be used as the value of an
"ATTENDEE" property. Thus, it is possible that the recipient of a
"REQUEST" does not appear explicitly in the list.
It is recommended that the general approach to finding a "Calendar
User" in an "Attendee" list be as follows:
1. Search for the "Calendar User" in the "Attendee" list where
"CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL"
2. Failing (1), look for "Attendees" where "CUTYPE=GROUP" or
"CUTYPE=UNKNOWN". The CUA then determines if the "Calendar User"
is a member of one of these groups. If so, the "REPLY" method
sent to the "Organizer" MUST contain a new "ATTENDEE" property in
which:
* the "TYPE" property parameter is set to INDIVIDUAL
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* the "MEMBER" property parameter is set to the name of the
group
3. Failing (2), the CUA MAY ignore or accept the request as the
"Calendar User" wishes.
3.7.3. Extension Tokens
To make iCalendar objects extensible, new component, property, or
property parameters can be used. Two types of extensions are defined
by [RFC5545]: IANA-registered tokens ("iana-token") and experimental
use tokens ("x-name"). A client SHOULD save "iana-token's" and MAY
use them in replies. A client MAY save "x-name's" and MAY use them
in replies. When delegating or forwarding messages to other CUs, a
client SHOULD include "iana-token's" and "x-names's".
4. Examples
4.1. Published Event Examples
In the calendaring and scheduling context, publication refers to the
one-way transfer of event information. Consumers of published events
simply incorporate the event into a calendar. No reply is expected.
Individual "A" publishes an event. Individual "B" reads the event
and incorporates it into their calendar. Events are published in
several ways, including embedding the event as an object in a web
page, emailing the event to a distribution list, or posting the event
to a newsgroup.
The table below illustrates the sequence of events between the
publisher and the consumers of a published event.
+----------------+-----------------------+--------------------------+
| Action | Organizer | Receiver |
+----------------+-----------------------+--------------------------+
| Publish an | "A" sends or posts a | "B" reads a published |
| event | PUBLISH message. | event. |
| | | |
| Publish an | "A" sends or posts a | "B" reads the updated |
| updated event | PUBLISH message. | event. |
| | | |
| Cancel a | "A" sends or posts a | "B" reads the canceled |
| published | CANCEL message. | event publication. |
| event | | |
+----------------+-----------------------+--------------------------+
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4.1.1. A Minimal Published Event
The iCalendar object below describes a single event that begins on
July 1, 1997 at 20:00 UTC. This event contains the minimum set of
properties for a "PUBLISH" for a "VEVENT" calendar component.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
METHOD:PUBLISH
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
DTSTART:19970701T200000Z
DTSTAMP:19970611T190000Z
SUMMARY:ST. PAUL SAINTS -VS- DULUTH-SUPERIOR DUKES
UID:0981234-1234234-23@example.com
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
4.1.2. Changing a Published Event
The iCalendar object below describes an update to the event described
in Section 4.1.1; the time has been changed, an end time has been
added, and the sequence number has been adjusted.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
METHOD:PUBLISH
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
DTSTAMP:19970612T190000Z
DTSTART:19970701T210000Z
DTEND:19970701T230000Z
SEQUENCE:1
UID:0981234-1234234-23@example.com
SUMMARY:ST. PAUL SAINTS -VS- DULUTH-SUPERIOR DUKES
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
The "UID" property is used by the client to identify the event. The
"SEQUENCE" property indicates that this is a change to the event.
The event with a matching "UID" and sequence number 0 is superseded
by this event.
The "SEQUENCE" property provides a reliable way to distinguish
different versions of the same event. Each time an event is
published, its sequence number is incremented. If a client receives
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an event with a sequence number 5 and finds it has the same event
with sequence number 2, the event SHOULD be updated. However, if the
client received an event with sequence number 2 and finds it already
has sequence number 5 of the same event, the event MUST NOT be
updated.
4.1.3. Canceling a Published Event
The iCalendar object below cancels the event described in
Section 4.1.1. This cancels the event with "SEQUENCE" property of 0,
1, and 2.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
METHOD:CANCEL
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
COMMENT:DUKES forfeit the game
SEQUENCE:2
UID:0981234-1234234-23@example.com
DTSTAMP:19970613T190000Z
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
4.1.4. A Rich Published Event
This example describes the same event as in Section 4.1.1, but in
much greater detail.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:PUBLISH
SCALE:GREGORIAN
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VTIMEZONE
TZID:America-Chicago
TZURL:http://example.com/tz/America-Chicago
BEGIN:STANDARD
DTSTART:19671029T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=-1SU;BYMONTH=10
TZOFFSETFROM:-0500
TZOFFSETTO:-0600
TZNAME:CST
END:STANDARD
BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
DTSTART:19870405T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=4
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TZOFFSETFROM:-0600
TZOFFSETTO:-0500
TZNAME:CDT
END:DAYLIGHT
END:VTIMEZONE
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTACH:http://www.example.com/
CATEGORIES:SPORTS EVENT,ENTERTAINMENT
CLASS:PRIVATE
DESCRIPTION:MIDWAY STADIUM\n
Big time game. MUST see.\n
Expected duration:2 hours\n
DTEND;TZID=America-Chicago:19970701T180000
DTSTART;TZID=America-Chicago:19970702T160000
DTSTAMP:19970614T190000Z
STATUS:CONFIRMED
LOCATION;VALUE=URI:http://stadium.example.com/
PRIORITY:2
RESOURCES:SCOREBOARD
SEQUENCE:3
SUMMARY:ST. PAUL SAINTS -VS- DULUTH-SUPERIOR DUKES
UID:0981234-1234234-23@example.com
RELATED-TO:0981234-1234234-14@example.com
BEGIN:VALARM
TRIGGER:-PT2H
ACTION:DISPLAY
DESCRIPTION:You should be leaving for the game now.
END:VALARM
BEGIN:VALARM
TRIGGER:-PT30M
ACTION:AUDIO
END:VALARM
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
The "RELATED-TO" field contains the "UID" property of a related
calendar event. The "SEQUENCE" property 3 indicates that this event
supersedes versions 0, 1, and 2.
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4.1.5. Anniversaries or Events Attached to Entire Days
This example demonstrates the use of the "VALUE" parameter to tie a
"VEVENT" to a day rather than a specific time.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:PUBLISH
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
DTSTAMP:19970614T190000Z
UID:0981234-1234234-23@example.com
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19970714
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;INTERVAL=1
SUMMARY: Bastille Day
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
4.2. Group Event Examples
Group events are distinguished from published events in that they
have "Attendees" and there is interaction between the "Attendees" and
the "Organizer" with respect to the event. Individual "A" requests a
meeting between individuals "A", "B", "C", and "D". Individual "B"
confirms attendance to the meeting. Individual "C" declines
attendance. Individual "D" tentatively confirms attendance. The
following table illustrates the message flow between these
individuals. "A", the CU scheduling the meeting, is referenced as
the "Organizer".
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+--------------+-----------------------+----------------------------+
| Action | "Organizer" | Attendee |
+--------------+-----------------------+----------------------------+
| Initiate a | "A" sends a REQUEST | |
| meeting | message to "B", "C", | |
| request | and "D". | |
| | | |
| Accept the | | "B" sends a REPLY message |
| meeting | | to "A" with its ATTENDEE |
| request | | PARTSTAT parameter set to |
| | | ACCEPTED. |
| | | |
| Decline the | | "C" sends a REPLY message |
| meeting | | to "A" with its ATTENDEE |
| request | | PARTSTAT parameter set to |
| | | DECLINED. |
| | | |
| Tentatively | | "D" sends a REPLY message |
| accept the | | to "A" with its ATTENDEE |
| meeting | | PARTSTAT parameter set to |
| request | | TENTATIVE. |
| | | |
| Confirm | "A" sends a REQUEST | |
| meeting | message to "B" and | |
| status with | "D" with updated | |
| Attendees | information. | |
+--------------+-----------------------+----------------------------+
4.2.1. A Group Event Request
A sample meeting request is sent from "A" to "B", "C", and "D". "E"
is also sent a copy of the request but is not expected to attend and
need not reply. "E" illustrates how CUAs might implement an "FYI"-
type feature. Note the use of the "ROLE" parameter. The default
value for the "ROLE" parameter is "REQ-PARTICIPANT" and it need not
be enumerated. In this case, we are using the value "NON-
PARTICIPANT" to indicate "E" is a non-attending CU. The parameter is
not needed on other "Attendees" since "PARTICIPANT" is the default
value.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REQUEST
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED;CN=A:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL;CN=B:mailto:b@example.com
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ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL;CN=C:mailto:c@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL;CN=Hal:mailto:d@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=FALSE;CUTYPE=ROOM:conf_big@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=NON-PARTICIPANT;RSVP=FALSE:mailto:e@example.com
DTSTAMP:19970611T190000Z
DTSTART:19970701T200000Z
DTEND:19970701T2100000Z
SUMMARY:Conference
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777@example.com
SEQUENCE:0
STATUS:CONFIRMED
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
4.2.2. Reply to a Group Event Request
"Attendee" "B" accepts the meeting.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REPLY
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:b@example.com
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777@example.com
SEQUENCE:0
REQUEST-STATUS:2.0;Success
DTSTAMP:19970612T190000Z
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
"B" could have declined the meeting or indicated tentative acceptance
by setting the "ATTENDEE" "PARTSTAT" parameter to "DECLINED" or
"TENTATIVE", respectively. Also, "REQUEST-STATUS" is not required in
successful transactions.
4.2.3. Update an Event
The event is moved to a different time. The combination of the "UID"
property (unchanged) and the "SEQUENCE" (bumped to 1) properties
indicate the update.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REQUEST
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
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ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:c@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL;CN=Hal:mailto:d@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=NON-PARTICIPANT;RSVP=FALSE;
CUTYPE=ROOM:mailto:conf@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=NON-PARTICIPANT;RSVP=FALSE:mailto:e@example.com
DTSTART:19970701T180000Z
DTEND:19970701T190000Z
SUMMARY:Phone Conference
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777@example.com
SEQUENCE:1
DTSTAMP:19970613T190000Z
STATUS:CONFIRMED
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
4.2.4. Countering an Event Proposal
"A" sends a "REQUEST" to "B" and "C". "B" makes a counter proposal
to "A" to change the time and location.
"A" sends the following "REQUEST":
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REQUEST
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:c@example.com
DTSTART:19970701T190000Z
DTEND:19970701T200000Z
SUMMARY:Discuss the Merits of the election results
LOCATION:Green Conference Room
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777a@example.com
SEQUENCE:0
DTSTAMP:19970611T190000Z
STATUS:CONFIRMED
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
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"B" sends "COUNTER" to "A", requesting changes to time and place.
"B" uses the "COMMENT" property to communicate a rationale for the
change. Note that the "SEQUENCE" property is not incremented on a
"COUNTER".
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:COUNTER
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:c@example.com
DTSTART:19970701T160000Z
DTEND:19970701T170000Z
DTSTAMP:19970612T190000Z
SUMMARY:Discuss the Merits of the election results
LOCATION:Blue Conference Room
COMMENT:This time works much better and I think the big conference
room is too big
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777a@example.com
SEQUENCE:0
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
"A" accepts the changes from "B". To accept a counter proposal, the
"Organizer" sends a new event "REQUEST" with an incremented sequence
number.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REQUEST
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:c@example.com
DTSTAMP:19970613T190000Z
DTSTART:19970701T160000Z
DTEND:19970701T170000Z
SUMMARY:Discuss the Merits of the election results - changed to
meet B's schedule
LOCATION:Blue Conference Room
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777@example.com
SEQUENCE:1
STATUS:CONFIRMED
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END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
Instead, "A" rejects "B's" counter proposal.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:DECLINECOUNTER
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:b@example.com
COMMENT:Sorry, I cannot change this meeting time
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777@example.com
SEQUENCE:0
DTSTAMP:19970614T190000Z
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
4.2.5. Delegating an Event
When delegating an event request to another "Calendar User", the
"Delegator" must both update the "Organizer" with a "REPLY" and send
a request to the "Delegate". There is currently no protocol
limitation to delegation depth. It is possible for the original
delegate to delegate the meeting to someone else, and so on. When a
request is delegated from one CUA to another, there are a number of
responsibilities required of the "Delegator". The "Delegator" MUST:
o Send a "REPLY" to the "Organizer" with the following updates:
A. The "Delegator's" "ATTENDEE" property "PARTSTAT" parameter is
set to "DELEGATED" and the "DELEGATED-TO" parameter is set to
the address of the "Delegate".
B. Add an additional "ATTENDEE" property for the "Delegate" with
the "DELEGATED-FROM" property parameter set to the
"Delegator".
C. Indicate whether they want to continue to receive updates when
the "Organizer" sends out updated versions of the event.
Setting the "RSVP" property parameter to "TRUE" will cause the
updates to be sent; setting it to "FALSE" causes no further
updates to be sent. Note that in either case, if the
"Delegate" declines the invitation, the "Delegator" will be
notified.
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o The "Delegator" MUST also send a copy of the original "REQUEST"
method to the "Delegate", with changes (A) and (B), as detailed
above applied.
If the "Delegate" declines the meeting, the "Organizer" MUST send an
update "REQUEST" to the "Delegator" so that the "Delegator" may elect
to delegate the "REQUEST" to another CUA.
+----------------+-----------------+--------------------------------+
| Action | "Organizer" | Attendee |
+----------------+-----------------+--------------------------------+
| Initiate a | "A" sends a | |
| meeting | REQUEST message | |
| request | to "B" and "C". | |
| | | |
| Delegate: "C" | | "C" sends a REPLY to "A" with |
| delegates to | | the ATTENDEE PARTSTAT |
| "E" | | parameter set to DELEGATED and |
| | | with a new ATTENDEE property |
| | | for "E". "E's" ATTENDEE |
| | | DELEGATED-FROM parameter is |
| | | set to "C". "C's" ATTENDEE |
| | | DELEGATED-TO parameter is set |
| | | to "E". "C" sends REQUEST |
| | | message to "E" with the |
| | | original meeting request |
| | | information. The PARTSTAT |
| | | property parameter for "C" is |
| | | set to DELEGATED and the |
| | | DELEGATED-TO parameter is set |
| | | to the address of "E". An |
| | | ATTENDEE property is added for |
| | | "E" and the DELEGATED-FROM |
| | | parameter is set to the |
| | | address of "C". |
| | | |
| Confirm | | "E" sends REPLY message to |
| meeting | | "A", and optionally to "C", |
| attendance | | with its PARTSTAT property |
| | | parameter set to ACCEPTED. |
| | | |
| Optional: | "A" sends | |
| Redistribute | REQUEST message | |
| meeting to | to "B", "C", | |
| Attendees | and "E". | |
+----------------+-----------------+--------------------------------+
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"C" responds to the "Organizer".
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REPLY
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=DELEGATED;DELEGATED-
TO="mailto:e@example.com":mailto:c@example.com
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777@example.com
SEQUENCE:0
REQUEST-STATUS:2.0;Success
DTSTAMP:19970611T190000Z
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
"Attendee" "C" delegates presence at the meeting to "E".
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REQUEST
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=DELEGATED;DELEGATED-
TO="mailto:e@example.com":mailto:c@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;
DELEGATED-FROM="mailto:c@example.com":mailto:e@example.com
DTSTART:19970701T180000Z
DTEND:19970701T200000Z
SUMMARY:Phone Conference
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777@example.com
SEQUENCE:0
STATUS:CONFIRMED
DTSTAMP:19970611T190000Z
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
4.2.6. Delegate Accepts the Meeting
To accept a delegated meeting, the delegate, "E", sends the following
message to "A" and "C".
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REPLY
VERSION:2.0
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BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED;DELEGATED-
FROM="mailto:c@example.com":mailto:e@example.com
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=DELEGATED;
DELEGATED-TO="mailto:e@example.com":mailto:c@example.com
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777@example.com
SEQUENCE:0
REQUEST-STATUS:2.0;Success
DTSTAMP:19970614T190000Z
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
4.2.7. Delegate Declines the Meeting
In this example, the "Delegate" declines the meeting request and sets
the "ATTENDEE" property "PARTSTAT" parameter to "DECLINED". The
"Organizer" SHOULD resend the "REQUEST" to "C" with the "PARTSTAT"
parameter of the "Delegate" set to "DECLINED". This lets the
"Delegator" know that the "Delegate" has declined and provides an
opportunity to the "Delegator" to either accept the request or
delegate it to another CU.
"E" responds to "A" and "C". Note the use of the "COMMENT" property
"E" uses to indicate why the delegation was declined.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REPLY
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=DELEGATED;
DELEGATED-TO="mailto:e@example.com":mailto:c@example.com
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=DECLINED;
DELEGATED-FROM="mailto:c@example.com":mailto:e@example.com
COMMENT:Sorry, I will be out of town at that time.
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777@example.com
SEQUENCE:0
REQUEST-STATUS:2.0;Success
DTSTAMP:19970614T190000Z
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
"A" resends the "REQUEST" method to "C". "A" may also wish to
express the fact that the item was delegated in the "COMMENT"
property.
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BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REQUEST
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=DECLINED;
DELEGATED-FROM="mailto:c@example.com":mailto:e@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:c@example.com
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777@example.com
SEQUENCE:0
SUMMARY:Phone Conference
DTSTART:19970701T180000Z
DTEND:19970701T200000Z
DTSTAMP:19970614T200000Z
COMMENT:DELEGATE (ATTENDEE mailto:e@example.com) DECLINED YOUR
INVITATION
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
4.2.8. Forwarding an Event Request
The protocol does not prevent an "Attendee" from "forwarding" a
"VEVENT" calendar component to other "Calendar Users". Forwarding
differs from delegation in that the forwarded "Calendar User" (often
referred to as a "Party Crasher") does not replace the forwarding
"Calendar User". Implementations are not required to add the "Party
Crasher" to the "Attendee" list, and hence there is no guarantee that
a "Party Crasher" will receive additional updates to the event. The
forwarding "Calendar User" SHOULD NOT add the "Party Crasher" to the
"Attendee" list. The "Organizer" MAY add the forwarded "Calendar
User" to the "Attendee" list.
4.2.9. Cancel a Group Event
Individual "A" requests a meeting between individuals "A", "B", "C",
and "D". Individual "B" declines attendance to the meeting.
Individual "A" decides to cancel the meeting. The following table
illustrates the sequence of messages that would be exchanged between
these individuals.
Messages related to a previously canceled event ("SEQUENCE" property
value is less than the "SEQUENCE" property value of the "CANCEL"
message) MUST be ignored.
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+-------------+---------------------+-------------------------------+
| Action | Organizer | Attendee |
+-------------+---------------------+-------------------------------+
| Initiate a | "A" sends a REQUEST | |
| meeting | message to "B", | |
| request | "C", and "D". | |
| | | |
| Decline the | | "B" sends a REPLY message to |
| meeting | | "A" with its PARTSTAT |
| request | | parameter set to DECLINED. |
| | | |
| Cancel the | "A" sends a CANCEL | |
| meeting | message to "B", | |
| | "C", and "D". | |
+-------------+---------------------+-------------------------------+
This example shows how "A" cancels the event.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:CANCEL
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL;mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:c@example.com
ATTENDEE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:d@example.com
COMMENT:Mr. B cannot attend. It's raining. Lets cancel.
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777@example.com
SEQUENCE:1
STATUS:CANCELLED
DTSTAMP:19970613T190000Z
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
4.2.10. Removing Attendees
"A" wants to remove "B" from a meeting. This is done by sending a
"CANCEL" to "B" and removing "B" from the "Attendee" list in the
master copy of the event.
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
+--------------------+-----------------------------------+----------+
| Action | Organizer | Attendee |
+--------------------+-----------------------------------+----------+
| Remove "B" as an | "A" sends a CANCEL message to | |
| Attendee | "B". | |
| | | |
| Update the master | "A" optionally sends the updated | |
| copy of the event | event to the remaining Attendees. | |
+--------------------+-----------------------------------+----------+
The original meeting includes "A", "B", "C", and "D". The example
below shows the "CANCEL" that "A" sends to "B". Note that in the
example below, the "STATUS" property is omitted. This is used when
the meeting itself is cancelled and not when the intent is to remove
an "Attendee" from the event.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:CANCEL
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:b@example.com
COMMENT:You're off the hook for this meeting
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777@example.com
DTSTAMP:19970613T193000Z
SEQUENCE:1
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
The updated master copy of the event is shown below. The "Organizer"
MAY resend the updated event to the remaining "Attendees". Note that
"B" has been removed.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REQUEST
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:c@example.com
ATTENDEE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:d@example.com
ATTENDEE;CUTYPE=ROOM:mailto:cr_big@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=NON-PARTICIPANT;
RSVP=FALSE:mailto:e@example.com
DTSTAMP:19970611T190000Z
DTSTART:19970701T200000Z
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DTEND:19970701T203000Z
SUMMARY:Phone Conference
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777@example.com
SEQUENCE:2
STATUS:CONFIRMED
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
4.2.11. Replacing the Organizer
The scenario for this example begins with "A" as the "Organizer" for
a recurring meeting with "B", "C", and "D". "A" receives a new job
offer in another country and drops out of touch. "A" left no
forwarding address or way to be reached. Using out-of-band
communication, the other "Attendees" eventually learn what has
happened and reach an agreement that "B" should become the new
"Organizer" for the meeting. To do this, "B" sends out a new version
of the event and the other "Attendees" agree to accept "B" as the new
"Organizer". "B" also removes "A" from the event.
When the "Organizer" is replaced, the "SEQUENCE" property value MUST
be incremented.
This is the message "B" sends to "C" and "D".
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REQUEST
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;STATUS=ACCEPTED:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:c@example.com
ATTENDEE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:d@example.com
DTSTAMP:19970611T190000Z
DTSTART:19970701T200000Z
DTEND:19970701T203000Z
RRULE:FREQ=WEEKLY
SUMMARY:Phone Conference
UID:123456@example.com
SEQUENCE:1
STATUS:CONFIRMED
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
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4.3. Busy Time Examples
Busy time objects can be used in several ways. First, a CU may
request busy time from another CU for a specific range of time. That
request can be answered with a busy time "REPLY". Additionally, a CU
may simply publish their busy time for a given interval and point
other CUs to the published location. The following examples outline
both scenarios.
4.3.1. Publish Busy Time
Individual "A" publishes busy time for one week.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
VERSION:2.0
METHOD:PUBLISH
BEGIN:VFREEBUSY
DTSTAMP:19980101T124100Z
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
DTSTART:19980101T124200Z
DTEND:19980108T124200Z
FREEBUSY:19980101T180000Z/19980101T190000Z
FREEBUSY:19980103T020000Z/19980103T050000Z
FREEBUSY:19980107T020000Z/19980107T050000Z
FREEBUSY:19980113T000000Z/19980113T010000Z
FREEBUSY:19980115T190000Z/19980115T200000Z
FREEBUSY:19980115T220000Z/19980115T230000Z
FREEBUSY:19980116T013000Z/19980116T043000Z
END:VFREEBUSY
END:VCALENDAR
4.3.2. Request Busy Time
Individual "A" requests busy time from individuals "B" and "C".
Individuals "B" and "C" reply with busy time data to individual "A".
The following table illustrates the sequence of messages that would
be exchanged between these individuals.
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+---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+
| Action | Organizer | Attendee |
+---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+
| Initiate a busy | "A" sends REQUEST | |
| time request | message to "B" and | |
| | "C". | |
| | | |
| Reply to the BUSY | | "B" sends a REPLY |
| request with BUSY | | message to "A" with |
| time data | | busy time data. |
+---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+
"A" sends a "REQUEST" to "B" and "C" for busy time.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REQUEST
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VFREEBUSY
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:c@example.com
DTSTAMP:19970613T190000Z
DTSTART:19970701T080000Z
DTEND:19970701T200000
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777@example.com
END:VFREEBUSY
END:VCALENDAR
4.3.3. Reply to a Busy Time Request
"B" sends a "REPLY" method type of a "VFREEBUSY" calendar component
to "A".
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REPLY
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VFREEBUSY
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:b@example.com
DTSTART:19970701T080000Z
DTEND:19970701T200000Z
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777@example.com
FREEBUSY:19970701T090000Z/PT1H,19970701T140000Z/PT30M
DTSTAMP:19970613T190030Z
END:VFREEBUSY
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END:VCALENDAR
"B" is busy from 09:00 to 10:00 and from 14:00 to 14:30.
4.4. Recurring Event and Time Zone Examples
4.4.1. A Recurring Event Spanning Time Zones
This event describes a weekly phone conference. The "Attendees" are
each in a different time zone.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REQUEST
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VTIMEZONE
TZID:America-SanJose
TZURL:http://example.com/tz/America-SanJose
BEGIN:STANDARD
DTSTART:19671029T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=-1SU;BYMONTH=10
TZOFFSETFROM:-0700
TZOFFSETTO:-0800
TZNAME:PST
END:STANDARD
BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
DTSTART:19870405T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=4
TZOFFSETFROM:-0800
TZOFFSETTO:-0700
TZNAME:PDT
END:DAYLIGHT
END:VTIMEZONE
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED;
CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:b@example.fr
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:c@example.jp
DTSTAMP:19970613T190030Z
DTSTART;TZID=America-SanJose:19970701T140000
DTEND;TZID=America-SanJose:19970701T150000
RRULE:FREQ=WEEKLY;COUNT=20;WKST=SU;BYDAY=TU
RDATE;TZID=America-SanJose:19970910T140000
EXDATE;TZID=America-SanJose:19970909T140000
EXDATE;TZID=America-SanJose:19971028T140000
SUMMARY:Weekly Phone Conference
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777@example.com
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SEQUENCE:0
STATUS:CONFIRMED
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
The first component of this iCalendar object is the time zone
component. The "DTSTART" date coincides with the first instance of
the "RRULE" property.
The recurring meeting is defined in a particular time zone,
presumably that of the originator. The client for each "Attendee"
has the responsibility of determining the recurrence time in the
"Attendee's" time zone.
The repeating event starts on Tuesday, July 1, 1997 at 2:00pm PDT
(UTC-7). "Attendee" B@example.fr is in France, where the local time
on this date is 9 hours ahead of PDT, or 23:00 CEST (UTC+2).
"Attendee" C@example.jp is in Japan, where local time is 16 hours
ahead of PDT, or Wednesday, July 2 at 06:00 JST (UTC+9). The event
repeats weekly on Tuesdays (in PST/PDT). The "RRULE" property
results in 20 instances. The last instance falls on Tuesday,
November 11, 1997 2:00pm PST. The "RDATE" property adds another
instance: WED, 10-SEP-1997 2:00 PM PDT.
There are also two exception dates to the recurrence rule. The first
one is:
o TUE, 09-SEP-1997 14:00 PDT (UTC-7)
o TUE, 09-SEP-1997 23:00 CEST (UTC+2)
o WED, 10-SEP-1997 06:00 JST (UTC+9)
and the second is:
o TUE, 28-OCT-1997 14:00 PST (UTC-8)
o TUE, 28-OCT-1997 23:00 CET (UTC+1)
o WED, 29-OCT-1997 07:00 JST (UTC+9)
4.4.2. Modify a Recurring Instance
In this example, the "Organizer" issues a recurring meeting. Later,
the "Organizer" changes an instance of the event by changing the
"DTSTART" property. Note the use of "RECURRENCE-ID" property and
"SEQUENCE" property in the second request.
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Original Request:
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
METHOD:REQUEST
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:guid-1@example.com
SEQUENCE:0
RRULE:FREQ=MONTHLY;BYMONTHDAY=1;UNTIL=19980901T210000Z
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:c@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:d@example.com
DESCRIPTION:IETF-C&S Conference Call
CLASS:PUBLIC
SUMMARY:IETF Calendaring Working Group Meeting
DTSTART:19970601T210000Z
DTEND:19970601T220000Z
LOCATION:Conference Call
DTSTAMP:19970526T083000Z
STATUS:CONFIRMED
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
The event request below is to change the time of a specific instance.
This changes the July 1st instance to July 3rd.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
METHOD:REQUEST
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:guid-1@example.com
RECURRENCE-ID:19970701T210000Z
SEQUENCE:1
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:c@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:d@example.com
DESCRIPTION:IETF-C&S Conference Call
CLASS:PUBLIC
SUMMARY:IETF Calendaring Working Group Meeting
DTSTART:19970703T210000Z
DTEND:19970703T220000Z
LOCATION:Conference Call
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DTSTAMP:19970626T093000Z
STATUS:CONFIRMED
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
4.4.3. Cancel an Instance
In this example, the "Organizer" of a recurring event deletes the
August 1st instance.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
METHOD:CANCEL
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:guid-1@example.com
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:c@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:d@example.com
RECURRENCE-ID:19970801T210000Z
SEQUENCE:2
STATUS:CANCELLED
DTSTAMP:19970721T093000Z
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
4.4.4. Cancel a Recurring Event
In this example, the "Organizer" wishes to cancel the entire
recurring event and any exceptions.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
METHOD:CANCEL
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:guid-1@example.com
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:c@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:d@example.com
DTSTAMP:19970721T103000Z
STATUS:CANCELLED
SEQUENCE:3
END:VEVENT
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END:VCALENDAR
4.4.5. Change All Future Instances
This example changes the meeting location from a conference call to
Seattle, starting September 1 and extending to all future instances.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
METHOD:REQUEST
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:guid-1@example.com
RECURRENCE-ID;THISANDFUTURE:19970901T210000Z
SEQUENCE:3
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:c@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:d@example.com
DESCRIPTION:IETF-C&S Discussion
CLASS:PUBLIC
SUMMARY:IETF Calendaring Working Group Meeting
DTSTART:19970901T210000Z
DTEND:19970901T220000Z
LOCATION:Building 32, Microsoft, Seattle, WA
DTSTAMP:19970526T083000Z
STATUS:CONFIRMED
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
4.4.6. Add a New Instance to a Recurring Event
This example adds a one-time additional instance to the recurring
event. "Organizer" adds a second July meeting on the 15th.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
METHOD:ADD
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:123456789@example.com
SEQUENCE:4
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:c@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:d@example.com
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DESCRIPTION:IETF-C&S Conference Call
CLASS:PUBLIC
SUMMARY:IETF Calendaring Working Group Meeting
DTSTART:19970715T210000Z
DTEND:19970715T220000Z
LOCATION:Conference Call
DTSTAMP:19970629T093000Z
STATUS:CONFIRMED
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
4.4.7. Add a New Series of Instances to a Recurring Event
The scenario for this example involves an ongoing meeting, originally
set up to occur every Tuesday. The "Organizer" later decides that
the meetings need to be on Tuesdays and Thursdays.
The original event:
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
METHOD:REQUEST
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:123456789@example.com
SEQUENCE:0
RRULE:WKST=SU;BYDAY=TU;FREQ=WEEKLY
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:b@example.com
SUMMARY:Review Accounts
DTSTART:19980303T210000Z
DTEND:19980303T220000Z
LOCATION:The White Room
DTSTAMP:19980301T093000Z
STATUS:CONFIRMED
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
The entire event can be rescheduled using a "REQUEST". This is done
by using the "UID" of the event to reschedule and including the
modified "RRULE". Note that since this is an entire rescheduling of
the event, any instance-specific information will be lost, unless
explicitly included with the update "REQUEST".
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
METHOD:REQUEST
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
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VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:123456789@example.com
SEQUENCE:7
RRULE:WKST=SU;BYDAY=TU,TH;FREQ=WEEKLY
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:b@example.com
SUMMARY:Review Accounts
DTSTART:19980303T210000Z
DTEND:19980303T220000Z
DTSTAMP:19980303T193000Z
LOCATION:The White Room
STATUS:CONFIRMED
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
4.4.8. Refreshing a Recurring Event
The next series of examples illustrate how an "Organizer" would
respond to a "REFRESH" submitted by an "Attendee" after a series of
instance-specific modifications. To convey all instance-specific
changes, the "Organizer" must provide the latest event description
and the relevant instances. The first three examples show the
history, including the initial "VEVENT" request and subsequent
instance changes, and finally the "REFRESH".
Original Request:
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
METHOD:REQUEST
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:123456789@example.com
SEQUENCE:0
RDATE:19980304T180000Z
RDATE:19980311T180000Z
RDATE:19980318T180000Z
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:b@example.com
SUMMARY:Review Accounts
DTSTART:19980304T180000Z
DTEND:19980304T200000Z
DTSTAMP:19980303T193000Z
LOCATION:Conference Room A
STATUS:CONFIRMED
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END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
Organizer changes 2nd instance location and time:
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
METHOD:REQUEST
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:123456789@example.com
SEQUENCE:1
RECURRENCE-ID:19980311T180000Z
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:b@example.com
SUMMARY:Review Accounts
DTSTART:19980311T160000Z
DTEND:19980311T180000Z
DTSTAMP:19980306T193000Z
LOCATION:The Small conference room
STATUS:CONFIRMED
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
Organizer adds a 4th instance of the meeting using the "ADD" method.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
METHOD:ADD
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:123456789@example.com
SEQUENCE:2
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:b@example.com
SUMMARY:Review Accounts
DTSTART:19980315T180000Z
DTEND:19980315T200000Z
DTSTAMP:19980307T193000Z
LOCATION:Conference Room A
STATUS:CONFIRMED
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
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If "B" requests a "REFRESH", "A" responds with the following to
capture all instance-specific data. In this case, both the initial
request and an additional "VEVENT" that specifies the instance-
specific data are included. Because these are both of the same type
(they are both "VEVENTS"), they can be conveyed in the same iCalendar
object.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
METHOD:REQUEST
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:123456789@example.com
SEQUENCE:2
RDATE:19980304T180000Z
RDATE:19980311T160000Z
RDATE:19980315T180000Z
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:b@example.com
SUMMARY:Review Accounts
DTSTART:19980304T180000Z
DTEND:19980304T200000Z
DTSTAMP:19980303T193000Z
LOCATION:Conference Room A
STATUS:CONFIRMED
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SEQUENCE:2
UID:123456789@example.com
RECURRENCE-ID:19980311T160000Z
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:b@example.com
SUMMARY:Review Accounts
DTSTART:19980311T160000Z
DTEND:19980304T180000Z
DTSTAMP:19980306T193000Z
LOCATION:The Small conference room
STATUS:CONFIRMED
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
4.4.9. Counter an Instance of a Recurring Event
In this example, one of the "Attendees" counters the "DTSTART"
property of the proposed second July meeting.
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BEGIN:VCALENDAR
METHOD:COUNTER
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:guid-1@example.com
RECURRENCE-ID:19970715T210000Z
SEQUENCE:4
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:c@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:d@example.com
DESCRIPTION:IETF-C&S Conference Call
CLASS:PUBLIC
SUMMARY:IETF Calendaring Working Group Meeting
DTSTART:19970715T220000Z
DTEND:19970715T230000Z
LOCATION:Conference Call
COMMENT:May we bump this by an hour? I have a conflict
DTSTAMP:19970629T094000Z
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
4.4.10. Error Reply to a Request
The following example illustrates a scenario where a meeting is
proposed containing an unsupported property and a bad property.
Original Request:
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
METHOD:REQUEST
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:guid-1@example.com
SEQUENCE:0
RRULE:FREQ=MONTHLY;BYMONTHDAY=1
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:c@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:d@example.com
DESCRIPTION:IETF-C&S Conference Call
CLASS:PUBLIC
SUMMARY:IETF Calendaring Working Group Meeting
DTSTART:19970601T210000Z
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DTEND:19970601T220000Z
DTSTAMP:19970602T094000Z
LOCATION:Conference Call
STATUS:CONFIRMED
FOO:BAR
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
"B" responds to indicate that "RRULE" is not supported and that an
unrecognized property was encountered.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REPLY
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:b@example.com
REQUEST-STATUS:3.0;Invalid Property Name;FOO
UID:guid-1@example.com
SEQUENCE:0
DTSTAMP:19970603T094000Z
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
4.5. Group To-Do Examples
Individual "A" creates a group task in which individuals "A", "B",
"C", and "D" will participate. Individual "B" confirms acceptance of
the task. Individual "C" declines the task. Individual "D"
tentatively accepts the task. The following table illustrates the
sequence of messages that would be exchanged between these
individuals. Individual "A" then issues a "REQUEST" method to obtain
the status of the to-do from each participant. The response
indicates the individual "Attendee's" completion status. The table
below illustrates the message flow.
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+--------------+------------------------+---------------------------+
| Action | Organizer | Attendee |
+--------------+------------------------+---------------------------+
| Initiate a | "A" sends a REQUEST | |
| to-do | message to "B", "C", | |
| request | and "D". | |
| | | |
| Accept the | | "B" sends a REPLY message |
| to-do | | to "A" with its PARTSTAT |
| request | | parameter set to |
| | | ACCEPTED. |
| | | |
| Decline the | | "C" sends a REPLY message |
| to-do | | to "A" with its PARTSTAT |
| request | | parameter set to |
| | | DECLINED. |
| | | |
| Tentatively | | "D" sends a REPLY message |
| accept the | | to "A" with its PARTSTAT |
| to-do | | parameter set to |
| request | | TENTATIVE. |
| | | |
| Check | "A" sends a REQUEST | |
| Attendee | message to "B" and "D" | |
| completion | with current | |
| status | information. | |
| | | |
| Attendee | | "B" sends a REPLY message |
| indicates | | indicating percent |
| percent | | complete. |
| complete | | |
| | | |
| Attendee | | "D" sends a REPLY message |
| indicates | | indicating completion. |
| completion | | |
+--------------+------------------------+---------------------------+
4.5.1. A VTODO Request
A sample "REQUEST" for a "VTODO" calendar component that "A" sends to
"B", "C", and "D".
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REQUEST
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VTODO
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
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ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:c@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE:mailto:d@example.com
DTSTART:19970701T170000Z
DUE:19970722T170000Z
PRIORITY:1
SUMMARY:Create the requirements document
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777-00@example.com
SEQUENCE:0
DTSTAMP:19970717T200000Z
STATUS:NEEDS-ACTION
END:VTODO
END:VCALENDAR
4.5.2. A VTODO Reply
"B" accepts the to-do.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REPLY
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VTODO
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:b@example.com
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777-00@example.com
COMMENT:I'll send you my input by email
SEQUENCE:0
DTSTAMP:19970717T203000Z
REQUEST-STATUS:2.0;Success
END:VTODO
END:VCALENDAR
"B" could have declined the "VTODO" or indicated tentative acceptance
by setting the "PARTSTAT" property parameter sequence to "DECLINED"
or "TENTATIVE", respectively.
4.5.3. A VTODO Request for Updated Status
"A" requests status from all "Attendees".
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REQUEST
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VTODO
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
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ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:d@example.com
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777-00@example.com
SUMMARY:Create the requirements document
PRIORITY:1
SEQUENCE:0
STATUS:IN-PROCESS
DTSTART:19970701T170000Z
DTSTAMP:19970717T230000Z
END:VTODO
END:VCALENDAR
4.5.4. A Reply: Percent-Complete
A reply indicating the task being worked on and that "B" is 75%
complete with "B's" part of the assignment.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REPLY
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VTODO
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=IN-PROCESS:mailto:b@example.com
PERCENT-COMPLETE:75
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777-00@example.com
DTSTAMP:19970717T233000Z
SEQUENCE:0
END:VTODO
END:VCALENDAR
4.5.5. A Reply: Completed
A reply indicating that "D" completed "D's" part of the assignment.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REPLY
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VTODO
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=COMPLETED:mailto:d@example.com
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777-00@example.com
DTSTAMP:19970717T233000Z
SEQUENCE:0
END:VTODO
END:VCALENDAR
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4.5.6. An Updated VTODO Request
"Organizer" "A" resends the "VTODO" calendar component. "A" sets the
overall completion for the to-do at 40%.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REQUEST
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VTODO
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=COMPLETED;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:d@example.com
DTSTART:19970701T170000Z
DUE:19970722T170000Z
PRIORITY:1
SUMMARY:Create the requirements document
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777-00@example.com
SEQUENCE:1
DTSTAMP:19970718T100000Z
STATUS:IN-PROCESS
PERCENT-COMPLETE:40
END:VTODO
END:VCALENDAR
4.5.7. Recurring VTODOs
The following examples relate to recurring "VTODO" calendar
components.
4.5.7.1. Request for a Recurring VTODO
In this example, "A" sends a recurring "VTODO" calendar component to
"B" and "D".
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REQUEST
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VTODO
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL:mailto:d@example.com
RRULE:FREQ=MONTHLY;COUNT=10;BYDAY=1FR
DTSTART:19980101T100000Z
DUE:19980103T100000Z
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SUMMARY:Send Status Reports to Area Managers
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777-00@example.com
SEQUENCE:0
DTSTAMP:19970717T200000Z
STATUS:NEEDS-ACTION
PRIORITY:1
END:VTODO
END:VCALENDAR
4.5.7.2. Replying to an Instance of a Recurring VTODO
In this example, "B" updates "A" on a single instance of the "VTODO"
calendar component.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REPLY
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VTODO
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=IN-PROCESS:mailto:b@example.com
PERCENT-COMPLETE:75
UID:calsrv.example.com-873970198738777-00@example.com
DTSTAMP:19970717T233000Z
RECURRENCE-ID:19980101T170000Z
SEQUENCE:1
END:VTODO
END:VCALENDAR
4.6. Journal Examples
The iCalendar object below describes a single journal entry for
October 2, 1997. The "RELATED-TO" property references the phone
conference event for which minutes were taken.
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
METHOD:PUBLISH
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VJOURNAL
DTSTART:19971002T200000Z
DTSTAMP:19970717T233100Z
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
SUMMARY:Phone conference minutes
DESCRIPTION:The editors meeting was held on October 1, 1997.
Details are in the attached document.
UID:0981234-1234234-2410@example.com
RELATED-TO:0981234-1234234-2402-35@example.com
ATTACH:ftp://ftp.example.com/pub/ed/minutes100197.txt
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END:VJOURNAL
END:VCALENDAR
4.7. Other Examples
4.7.1. Event Refresh
Refresh the event with a "UID" property value of
"guid-1-12345@example.com":
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REFRESH
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:b@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:c@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:d@example.com
UID:guid-1-12345@example.com
DTSTAMP:19970603T094000
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
4.7.2. Bad RECURRENCE-ID
Component instances are identified by the combination of "UID",
"RECURRENCE-ID", and "SEQUENCE". When an "Organizer" sends an iTIP
message to an "Attendee", there are three cases in which an instance
cannot be found. They are:
1. The component with the referenced "UID" and "RECURRENCE-ID" has
been found but the "SEQUENCE" number in the calendar store does
not match that of the iTIP message.
2. The component with the referenced "UID" has been found, the
"SEQUENCE" numbers match, but the "RECURRENCE-ID" cannot be
found.
3. The "UID" and "SEQUENCE" numbers are found but the CUA does not
support recurrences.
In case (1), two things can happen. If the "SEQUENCE" number of the
"Attendee's" instance is larger than that in the "Organizer's"
message, then the "Attendee" is receiving an out-of-sequence message
and MUST ignore it. If the "SEQUENCE" number of the "Attendee's"
instance is smaller, then the "Organizer" is sending out a newer
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
version of the component and the "Attendee's" version needs to be
updated. Since one or more updates have been missed, the "Attendee"
SHOULD send a "REFRESH" message to the "Organizer" to get an updated
version of the event.
In case (2), something has gone wrong. Both the "Organizer" and the
"Attendee" should have the same instances, but the "Attendee" does
not have the referenced instance. In this case, the "Attendee"
SHOULD send a "REFRESH" to the "Organizer" to get an updated version
of the event.
In case (3), the limitations of the "Attendee's" CUA makes it
impossible to match an instance other than the single instance
scheduled. In this case, the "Attendee" need not send a "REFRESH" to
the "Organizer".
The example below shows a sequence in which an "Attendee" sends a
"REFRESH" to the "Organizer".
+-------------------------+--------------------+--------------------+
| Action | Organizer | Attendee |
+-------------------------+--------------------+--------------------+
| Update an instance | "A" sends REQUEST | |
| request | message to "B". | |
| | | |
| Attendee requests | | "B" sends a |
| refresh because | | REFRESH message to |
| RECURRENCE-ID was not | | "A". |
| found | | |
| | | |
| Refresh the entire | "A" sends the | |
| event | latest copy of the | |
| | event to "B" | |
| | | |
| Attendee handles the | | "B" updates to the |
| request and updates the | | latest copy of the |
| instance | | meeting. |
+-------------------------+--------------------+--------------------+
Request from "A":
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
METHOD:REQUEST
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:example-12345@example.com
SEQUENCE:3
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RRULE:FREQ=WEEKLY
RDATE;VALUE=PERIOD:19970819T210000Z/199700819T220000Z
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:b@example.com
DESCRIPTION:IETF-C&S Conference Call
SUMMARY:IETF Calendaring Working Group Meeting
DTSTART:19970801T210000Z
DTEND:19970801T220000Z
RECURRENCE-ID:19970809T210000Z
DTSTAMP:19970726T083000
STATUS:CONFIRMED
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
"B" has the event with "UID" property "example-12345@example.com",
but "B's" "SEQUENCE" property value is "1" and the event does not
have an instance at the specified recurrence time. This means that
"B" has missed at least one update and needs a new copy of the event.
"B" requests the latest copy of the event with the following refresh
message:
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example/ExampleCalendarClient//EN
METHOD:REFRESH
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
ORGANIZER:mailto:a@example.com
ATTENDEE:mailto:b@example.com
UID:example-12345@example.com
DTSTAMP:19970603T094000
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
5. Application Protocol Fallbacks
5.1. Partial Implementation
Applications that support this specification are not required to
support the entire protocol. The following describes how methods and
properties SHOULD "fallback" in applications that do not support the
complete protocol. If a method or property is not addressed in this
section, it may be ignored.
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5.1.1. Event-Related Fallbacks
+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| Method | Fallback |
+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| PUBLISH | Required |
| REQUEST | PUBLISH |
| REPLY | Required |
| ADD | Required if recurrences supported; otherwise, |
| | reply with a REQUEST-STATUS "2.8; Success, |
| | repeating event ignored. Scheduled as a single |
| | component", and schedule as a single component. |
| CANCEL | Required |
| REFRESH | Required |
| COUNTER | Reply with "Not Supported". |
| DECLINECOUNTER | Required if COUNTER is implemented for VEVENTs; |
| | otherwise, reply with "Not Supported". |
+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| iCalendar | Fallback |
| Property | |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| CALSCALE | Ignore - assume GREGORIAN. |
| PRODID | Ignore |
| METHOD | Required as described in the Method list above. |
| VERSION | Ignore |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Event-Related | Fallback |
| Components | |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| VALARM | Reply with "Not Supported". |
| VTIMEZONE | Required if any DateTime value refers to a time |
| | zone. |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
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+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Component | Fallback |
| Property | |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| ATTACH | Ignore |
| ATTENDEE | Required if METHOD is REQUEST; otherwise, |
| | ignore. |
| CATEGORIES | Ignore |
| CLASS | Ignore |
| COMMENT | Ignore |
| COMPLETED | Ignore |
| CONTACT | Ignore |
| CREATED | Ignore |
| DESCRIPTION | Ignore |
| DURATION | Required |
| DTSTAMP | Required |
| DTSTART | Required |
| DTEND | Required |
| EXDATE | Ignore |
| GEO | Ignore |
| LAST-MODIFIED | Ignore |
| LOCATION | Required |
| ORGANIZER | Required if METHOD is REQUEST; otherwise, |
| | ignore. |
| PRIORITY | Ignore |
| RELATED-TO | Ignore |
| RDATE | Ignore |
| RRULE | Ignore - assume the first instance occurs on |
| | the DTSTART property. If implemented, |
| | VTIMEZONE MUST also be implemented. |
| RECURRENCE-ID | Required if RRULE is implemented; otherwise, |
| | ignore. |
| REQUEST-STATUS | Required |
| RESOURCES | Ignore |
| SEQUENCE | Required |
| STATUS | Ignore |
| SUMMARY | Ignore |
| TRANSP | Required if FREEBUSY is implemented; otherwise, |
| | ignore. |
| URL | Ignore |
| UID | Required |
| X- | Ignore |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
5.1.2. Free/Busy-Related Fallbacks
+---------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Method | Fallback |
+---------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| PUBLISH | Required if freebusy lookups are supported; otherwise, |
| | reply with a REQUEST-STATUS "3.14; Unsupported |
| | capability". |
| REQUEST | Required if freebusy lookups are supported; otherwise, |
| | reply with a REQUEST-STATUS "3.14; Unsupported |
| | capability". |
| REPLY | Required if freebusy lookups are supported; otherwise, |
| | reply with a REQUEST-STATUS "3.14; Unsupported |
| | capability". |
+---------+---------------------------------------------------------+
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| iCalendar | Fallback |
| Property | |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| CALSCALE | Ignore - assume GREGORIAN. |
| PRODID | Ignore |
| METHOD | Required as described in the Method list above. |
| VERSION | Ignore |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Component | Fallback |
| Property | |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| ATTENDEE | Required if METHOD is REQUEST; otherwise, |
| | ignore. |
| COMMENT | Ignore |
| CONTACT | Ignore |
| DTEND | Required |
| DTSTAMP | Required |
| DTSTART | Required |
| DURATION | Ignore |
| FREEBUSY | Required |
| ORGANIZER | Required if METHOD is REQUEST; otherwise, |
| | ignore. |
| REQUEST-STATUS | Ignore |
| UID | Required |
| URL | Ignore |
| X- | Ignore |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
5.1.3. To-Do-Related Fallbacks
+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| Method | Fallback |
+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| PUBLISH | Required |
| REQUEST | PUBLISH |
| REPLY | Required |
| ADD | Required if recurrences supported; otherwise, |
| | reply with a REQUEST-STATUS "2.8; Success, |
| | repeating event ignored. Scheduled as a single |
| | component", and schedule as a single component. |
| CANCEL | Required |
| REFRESH | Required |
| COUNTER | Reply with "Not Supported". |
| DECLINECOUNTER | Required if COUNTER for VTODOs is implemented; |
| | otherwise, reply with "Not Supported". |
+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| iCalendar | Fallback |
| Property | |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| CALSCALE | Ignore - assume GREGORIAN. |
| PRODID | Ignore |
| METHOD | Required as described in the Method list above. |
| VERSION | Ignore |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| To-Do-Related | Fallback |
| Components | |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| VALARM | Reply with "Not Supported". |
| VTIMEZONE | Required if any DateTime value refers to a time |
| | zone. |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
+------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| Component | Fallback |
| Property | |
+------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| ATTACH | Ignore |
| ATTENDEE | Required if METHOD is REQUEST; otherwise, |
| | ignore. |
| CATEGORIES | Ignore |
| CLASS | Ignore |
| COMMENT | Ignore |
| COMPLETED | Required |
| CONTACT | Ignore |
| CREATED | Ignore |
| DESCRIPTION | Required if METHOD is REQUEST; otherwise, |
| | ignore. |
| DUE | Required |
| DURATION | Required |
| DTSTAMP | Required |
| DTSTART | Required |
| EXDATE | Ignore - reply with "Not Supported". |
| LAST-MODIFIED | Ignore |
| LOCATION | Ignore |
| ORGANIZER | Required if METHOD is REQUEST; otherwise, |
| | ignore. |
| PERCENT-COMPLETE | Ignore |
| PRIORITY | Required |
| RECURRENCE-ID | Required if RRULE is implemented; otherwise, |
| | ignore. |
| RELATED-TO | Ignore |
| REQUEST-STATUS | Ignore |
| RDATE | Ignore |
| RRULE | Ignore - assume the first instance occurs on |
| | the DTSTART property. If implemented, |
| | VTIMEZONE MUST also be implemented. |
| RESOURCES | Ignore |
| SEQUENCE | Required |
| STATUS | Required |
| SUMMARY | Ignore |
| URL | Ignore |
| UID | Required |
| X- | Ignore |
+------------------+------------------------------------------------+
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
5.1.4. Journal-Related Fallbacks
+---------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Method | Fallback |
+---------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| PUBLISH | Implementations MAY ignore the METHOD type. The |
| | REQUEST-STATUS "3.14; Unsupported capability" MUST be |
| | returned. |
| ADD | Implementations MAY ignore the METHOD type. The |
| | REQUEST-STATUS "3.14; Unsupported capability" MUST be |
| | returned. |
| CANCEL | Implementations MAY ignore the METHOD type. The |
| | REQUEST-STATUS "3.14; Unsupported capability" MUST be |
| | returned. |
+---------+---------------------------------------------------------+
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| iCalendar | Fallback |
| Property | |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| CALSCALE | Ignore - assume GREGORIAN. |
| PRODID | Ignore |
| METHOD | Required as described in the Method list above. |
| VERSION | Ignore |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Journal-Related | Fallback |
| Components | |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| VTIMEZONE | Required if any DateTime value refers to a time |
| | zone. |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Component | Fallback |
| Property | |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| ATTACH | Ignore |
| ATTENDEE | Ignore |
| CATEGORIES | Ignore |
| CLASS | Ignore |
| COMMENT | Ignore |
| CONTACT | Ignore |
| CREATED | Ignore |
| DESCRIPTION | Ignore |
| DTSTAMP | Required |
| DTSTART | Required |
| EXDATE | Ignore |
| LAST-MODIFIED | Ignore |
| ORGANIZER | Ignore |
| RECURRENCE-ID | Required if RRULE is implemented; otherwise, |
| | ignore. |
| RELATED-TO | Ignore |
| RDATE | Ignore |
| RRULE | Ignore - assume the first instance occurs on |
| | the DTSTART property. If implemented, |
| | VTIMEZONE MUST also be implemented. |
| SEQUENCE | Required |
| STATUS | Ignore |
| SUMMARY | Required |
| URL | Ignore |
| UID | Required |
| X- | Ignore |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
5.2. Latency Issues
With a store-and-forward transport, it is possible for events to
arrive out of sequence. That is, a "CANCEL" method may be received
prior to receiving the associated "REQUEST" for the calendar
component. This section discusses a few of these scenarios.
5.2.1. Cancellation of an Unknown Calendar Component
When a "CANCEL" method is received before the original "REQUEST"
method, the calendar will be unable to correlate the "UID" property
of the cancellation with an existing calendar component. It is
suggested that messages that cannot be correlated and that also
contain non-zero sequence numbers be held and not discarded.
Implementations MAY age them out if no other messages arrive with the
same "UID" property value and a lower sequence number.
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5.2.2. Unexpected Reply from an Unknown Delegate
When an "Attendee" delegates an item to another CU, they MUST send a
"REPLY" method to the "Organizer" using the "ATTENDEE" properties to
indicate that the request was delegated and to whom. Hence, it is
possible for an "Organizer" to receive a "REPLY" from a CU not listed
as one of the original "Attendees". The resolution is left to the
implementation, but it is expected that the calendaring software will
either accept the reply or hold it until the related "REPLY" method
is received from the "Delegator". If the version of the "REPLY"
method is out of date, the "Organizer" SHOULD treat the message as a
"REFRESH" message and update the "Delegate" with the correct version,
provided that delegation to that delegate is acceptable.
5.3. Sequence Number
Under some conditions, a CUA may receive requests and replies with
the same "SEQUENCE" property value. The "DTSTAMP" property is
utilized as a tie-breaker when two items with the same "SEQUENCE"
property value are evaluated.
6. Security Considerations
iTIP is an abstract transport protocol that will be bound to a real-
time transport, a store-and-forward transport, and perhaps other
transports. The transport protocol will be responsible for providing
facilities for authentication and encryption using standard Internet
mechanisms that are mutually understood between the sender and
receiver.
6.1. Security Threats
6.1.1. Spoofing the Organizer
In iTIP, the "Organizer" (or someone working on the "Organizer's"
behalf) is the only person authorized to make changes to an existing
"VEVENT", "VTODO", or "VJOURNAL" calendar component and republish it
or redistribute updates to the "Attendees". An iCalendar object that
maliciously changes or cancels an existing "VEVENT", "VTODO", or
"VJOURNAL" calendar component may be constructed by someone other
than the "Organizer" and republished or sent to the "Attendees".
6.1.2. Spoofing the Attendee
In iTIP, an "Attendee" of a "VEVENT" or "VTODO" calendar component
(or someone working on the "Attendee's" behalf) is the only person
authorized to update any parameter associated with their "ATTENDEE"
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property and send it to the "Organizer". An iCalendar object that
maliciously changes the "ATTENDEE" parameters may be constructed by
someone other than the real "Attendee" and sent to the "Organizer".
6.1.3. Unauthorized Replacement of the Organizer
There will be circumstances when "Attendees" of an event or to-do
decide, using out-of-band mechanisms, that the "Organizer" must be
replaced. When the new "Organizer" sends out the updated "VEVENT" or
"VTODO", the "Attendee's" CUA will detect that the "Organizer" has
been changed, but it has no way of knowing whether or not the change
was mutually agreed upon.
6.1.4. Eavesdropping and Data Integrity
The iCalendar object is constructed with human-readable clear text.
Any information contained in an iCalendar object may be read and/or
changed by unauthorized persons while the object is in transit.
6.1.5. Flooding a Calendar
Implementations could provide a means to automatically incorporate
"REQUEST" methods into a calendar. This presents the opportunity for
a calendar to be flooded with requests, which effectively blocks all
the calendar's free time.
6.1.6. Unauthorized REFRESH Requests
It is possible for an "Organizer" to receive a "REFRESH" request from
someone who is not an "Attendee" of an event or to-do. Only
"Attendees" of an event or to-do are authorized to receive replies to
"REFRESH" requests. Replying to such requests to anyone who is not
an "Attendee" may be a security problem.
6.2. Recommendations
For an application where the information is sensitive or critical and
the network is subject to a high probability of attack, iTIP
transactions SHOULD be encrypted and authenticated. This helps
mitigate the threats of spoofing, eavesdropping, and malicious
changes in transit.
6.2.1. Securing iTIP transactions
iTIP transport bindings MUST provide a mechanism to enable
authentication of the sender's identity as well as privacy and
integrity of the data being transmitted. This allows the receiver of
a signed iCalendar object to verify the identity of the sender. This
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
sender may then be correlated to an "ATTENDEE" property in the
iCalendar object. If the correlation is made and the sender is
authorized to make the requested change or update, then the operation
may proceed. It also allows the message to be encrypted to prevent
unauthorized reading of the message contents in transit. iTIP
transport binding documents describe this process in detail.
6.2.2. Implementation Controls
The threat of unauthorized replacement of the "Organizer" SHOULD be
mitigated by a calendar system that uses this protocol by providing
controls or alerts that make "Calendar Users" aware of such
"Organizer" changes and allowing them to decide whether or not the
request should be honored.
The threat of flooding a calendar SHOULD be mitigated by a calendar
system that uses this protocol by providing controls that may be used
to limit the acceptable sources for iTIP transactions, and perhaps
the size of messages and volume of traffic, by source.
The threat of unauthorized "REFRESH" requests SHOULD be mitigated by
a calendar system that uses this protocol by providing controls or
alerts that allow "Calendar Users" to decide whether or not the
request should be honored. An implementation MAY decide to maintain,
for audit or historical purposes, "Calendar Users" who were part of
an "Attendee" list and who were subsequently uninvited. Similar
controls or alerts should be provided when a "REFRESH" request is
received from these "Calendar Users" as well.
6.2.3. Access Controls and Filtering
In many environments, there could be restrictions on who is allowed
to schedule with whom and who the allowed delegates are for
particular "Calendar Users".
iTIP transport bindings SHOULD provide mechanisms for implementing
access controls or filtering to ensure iTIP transactions only take
place between authorized "Calendar Users". That would include
preventing one "Calendar User" from scheduling with another or one
"Calendar User" delegating to another.
6.3. Privacy Issues
The "Organizer" might want to keep "Attendees" from knowing which
other "Attendees" are participating in an event or to-do. The
"Organizer" has the choice of sending single iTIP messages with a
full list of "Attendees" or sending iTIP messages to each "Attendee"
with only that "Attendee" listed.
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7. IANA Considerations
7.1. Registration Template for REQUEST-STATUS Values
This specification updates [RFC5545] by adding a "REQUEST-STATUS"
value registry to the iCalendar Elements registry.
A "REQUEST-STATUS" value is defined by completing the following
template.
Status Code: Hierarchical, numeric return status code, following
the rules defined in Section 3.8.8.3 of [RFC5545].
Status Description: Textual status description. A short but
clear description of the error.
Status Exception Data: Textual exception data. A short but clear
description of what might appear in this field.
Description: Describe the underlying cause for this status code
value.
7.2. Additions to iCalendar METHOD Registry
This document defines the following values for the iCalendar "METHOD"
property, using the values template from Section 8.2.6 of [RFC5545].
These should be added to the Methods Registry defined in Section
8.3.12 of [RFC5545]:
7.2.1. METHOD:PUBLISH
Value: PUBLISH
Purpose: Standard iTIP "METHOD" value.
Conformance: Only used with the "METHOD" property.
Examples: See this RFC.
7.2.2. METHOD:REQUEST
Value: REQUEST
Purpose: Standard iTIP "METHOD" value.
Conformance: Only used with the "METHOD" property.
Examples: See this RFC.
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7.2.3. METHOD:REPLY
Value: REPLY
Purpose: Standard iTIP "METHOD" value.
Conformance: Only used with the "METHOD" property.
Examples: See this RFC.
7.2.4. METHOD:ADD
Value: ADD
Purpose: Standard iTIP "METHOD" value.
Conformance: Only used with the "METHOD" property.
Examples: See this RFC.
7.2.5. METHOD:CANCEL
Value: CANCEL
Purpose: Standard iTIP "METHOD" value.
Conformance: Only used with the "METHOD" property.
Examples: See this RFC.
7.2.6. METHOD:REFRESH
Value: REFRESH
Purpose: Standard iTIP "METHOD" value.
Conformance: Only used with the "METHOD" property.
Examples: See this RFC.
7.2.7. METHOD:COUNTER
Value: COUNTER
Purpose: Standard iTIP "METHOD" value.
Conformance: Only used with the "METHOD" property.
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Examples: See this RFC.
7.2.8. METHOD:DECLINECOUNTER
Value: DECLINECOUNTER
Purpose: Standard iTIP "METHOD" value.
Conformance: Only used with the "METHOD" property.
Examples: See this RFC.
7.3. REQUEST-STATUS Value Registry
New "REQUEST-STATUS" values can be registered using the process
described in Section 8.2.1 of [RFC5545].
The following table is to be used to initialize the "REQUEST-STATUS"
value registry.
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
+-------------+---------+--------------------------+
| Status Code | Status | Reference |
+-------------+---------+--------------------------+
| 2.0 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.1 |
| 2.1 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.2 |
| 2.2 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.3 |
| 2.3 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.4 |
| 2.4 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.5 |
| 2.5 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.6 |
| 2.6 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.7 |
| 2.7 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.8 |
| 2.8 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.9 |
| 2.9 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.10 |
| 2.10 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.11 |
| 2.11 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.12 |
| 3.0 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.13 |
| 3.1 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.14 |
| 3.2 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.15 |
| 3.3 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.16 |
| 3.4 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.17 |
| 3.5 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.18 |
| 3.6 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.19 |
| 3.7 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.20 |
| 3.8 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.21 |
| 3.9 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.22 |
| 3.10 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.23 |
| 3.11 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.24 |
| 3.12 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.25 |
| 3.13 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.26 |
| 3.14 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.27 |
| 4.0 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.28 |
| 5.0 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.29 |
| 5.1 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.30 |
| 5.2 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.31 |
| 5.3 | Current | RFC 5546, Section 3.6.32 |
+-------------+---------+--------------------------+
8. Acknowledgments
This is an update to the original iTIP document authored by S.
Silverberg, S. Mansour, F. Dawson, and R. Hopson.
This revision is the product of the Calsify IETF Working Group, and
several participants have made important contributions to this
specification, including Oliver Block, Bernard Desruisseaux, Mike
Douglass, Tim Hare, Ciny Joy, Bruce Kahn, Reinhold Kainhofer, Eliot
Lear, Jonathan Lennox, Andy Mabbett, Aki Niemi, John W. Noerenberg
II, Robert Ransdell, and Caleb Richardson.
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
9. References
9.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC2368] Hoffman, P., Masinter, L., and J. Zawinski, "The mailto
URL scheme", RFC 2368, July 1998.
[RFC5545] Desruisseaux, B., "Internet Calendaring and Scheduling
Core Object Specification (iCalendar)", RFC 5545,
September 2009.
9.2. Informative References
[iMIP] Melnikov, A., Ed., "iCalendar Message-Based
Interoperability Protocol (iMIP)", Work in Progress,
October 2009.
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RFC 5546 iTIP December 2009
Appendix A. Differences from RFC 2446
A.1. Changed Restrictions
This specification now defines an allowed combination of "REQUEST-
STATUS" codes when multiple iCalendar components are included in an
iTIP message.
This specification now restricts "RECURRENCE-ID" to only a single
occurrence in any one iCalendar component in an iTIP message, as
required by [RFC5545].
Changed the "RECURRENCE-ID" entry in the component restriction table
to "0 or 1" from "0+", to fall in line with [RFC5545].
Changed the "FREEBUSY" entry in the "VFREEBUSY", "PUBLISH", and
"REPLY" restriction tables to "0+" from "1+", to fall in line with
[RFC5545].
Changed the "FREEBUSY" description in the "VFREEBUSY" and "REPLY"
restriction tables to indicate that different "FBTYPE" ranges MUST
NOT overlap.
Changed the "TZNAME" entry in the "VTIMEZONE" restriction table to
"0+" from "0 or 1", to fall in line with [RFC5545].
Changed the "COMMENT" entry in the component restriction tables to
"0+" from "0 or 1", to fall in line with [RFC5545].
Added the "ATTENDEE" entry in the "VALARM" restriction table to match
the email alarm type in [RFC5545].
Changed the "CATEGORIES" entry in the component restriction tables to
"0+" from "0 or 1", to fall in line with [RFC5545].
Changed the "RESOURCES" entry in the component restriction tables to
"0+" from "0 or 1", to fall in line with [RFC5545].
Changed the "CONTACT" entry in the "VFREEBUSY" restriction table to
"0 or 1" from "0+", to fall in line with [RFC5545].
Changed the "UID" entry in the "VFREEBUSY" and "PUBLISH" restriction
tables to "1" from "0", to fall in line with [RFC5545].
Added the "COMPLETED" entry in the "VTODO" restriction tables to fall
in line with [RFC5545].
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Added the "REQUEST-STATUS" entry in the "VJOURNAL" restriction tables
to fall in line with [RFC5545].
A.2. Deprecated Features
The "EXRULE" property was removed in [RFC5545] and references to that
have been removed in this document too.
The "PROCEDURE" value for the "ACTION" property was removed in
[RFC5545] and references to that have been removed in this document
too.
The "THISANDPRIOR" option for the "RANGE" parameter was removed in
[RFC5545] and references to that have been removed in this document
too.
Author's Address
Cyrus Daboo (editor)
Apple Inc.
1 Infinite Loop
Cupertino, CA 95014
USA
EMail: cyrus@daboo.name
URI: http://www.apple.com/
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RFC, FYI, BCP